International Journal of Research and Review Vol. 9; Issue: 12; December 2022 Website: www.ijrrjournal.com Research Paper E-ISSN: 2349-9788; P-ISSN: 2454-2237 International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 403 Vol. 9; Issue: 12; December 2022 The Development of Fishbone Learning Media on the Theme of Animal and Human Movement Organs with a Problem-Based Learning Model to Improve Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students Mochamad Nanat Fatulloh 1 , Eko Handoyo 2 , Nuni Widiarti 3 1 Master Program, Students of Primary Education, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia 2,3 Master Program of Primary Education, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia Corresponding Author: Mochamad Nanat Fatulloh DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20221246 ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the effect of fishbone learning media on the theme of animal and human movement organs with a problem-based learning model in improving critical thinking skills of elementary school students. This development research used the Research and Development (R&D) method. The subjects of a small-scale test were conducted at Asem Elementary School with 15 students in class V, and a large-scale test was conducted at SDN 1 Sidanglaut with 30 students in class V. The average media feasibility value is 85.9, which is a very valid category. The average validity value of a material is 87.5, which is a very valid category. The average validity value of the RPP is 85.1, which is a very valid category. Fishbone diagrams with the theme of animal and human movement organs and problem-based learning models effectively improve students' critical thinking skills both from the results of small- scale and large-scale tests. The small-scale test and T-test result (2-tailed) is 0.000 <0.05, a significant difference between students' pre-test and post-test. Keywords: Learning Media, Fishbone, Critical Thinking INTRODUCTION 21st-century education or the industrial revolution emphasizes 4C skills, one of which is critical thinking (Jannah & Atmojo, 2022). Critical thinking is the ability possessed by each individual to solve a problem by focusing on processes and steps taken care of that can be accounted for as a duty. Critical thinking leads to analyzing an idea systematically and specifically in distinguishing things carefully and thoroughly. In this case, critical thinking is identifying, studying, and developing these thinking processes using logic and evidence in a perfect direction (Hendi et al., 2020). Learning media can develop critical thinking (Zulhelmi et al., 2017). Learning media is designed to provide an abstract picture, and its function is to facilitate the delivery of material so that students can easily understand the material (Budiyono, 2020). Learning material on theme 1 is about the movement of animal and human organs that studies the movement systems of animals and humans. After studying this theme, students are expected to be able to understand the function of the organs of movement in animals and humans. However, students have yet to be able to think critically to enrich students' insights and skills. Based on the results of interviews with several teachers and the actual conditions at school, students need more time to study due to a lack of understanding of the learning