Galley Proof 17/11/2017; 9:49 File: jcm–1-jcm775.tex; BOKCTP/xjm p. 1 Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering -1 (2017) 1–11 1 DOI 10.3233/JCM-170775 IOS Press The shape memory alloy controlled by the 1 sun’s radiation effect 2 Amine Riad a,∗ , Mouna Ben Zohra a , Mohamed Mansouri b and Abdelilah Alhamany a 3 a MEET Laboratory, FST Settat, Hassan 1st University of Settat, Morocco 4 b MEET Laboratory, ENSA KHOURIBGA, Hassan 1st University of Settat, Morocco 5 Received 1 March 2017 6 Accepted 4 November 2017 7 Abstract. The Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are smart materials, which have many thermo-mechanical characteristics that 8 can back to their initial strain when they exposed to a definite temperature. They are materials that change their mechanical 9 proprieties in response to stress or heating such as shape, displacement and frequency, which are useful for actuators in many 10 domains such as industry, robotics and engineering. In order to realize thermo-mechanical investigation about Shape Memory 11 Alloy Actuator (SMAA) controlled by the radiation effect, which is useful for renewable energy applications. In this way, 12 numerical simulation simulates shape memory alloy at different temperatures, to show the ability of this materials in various 13 conditions and the parameters are obtained by previous experimental measurements. The first results are pleasing. 14 Keywords: Shape memory alloys, SMA, actuator, shape memory alloy actuator, smart materials, radiation effect 15 1. Introduction 16 In the last years,the SMAs have been used in many fields such as robotic, engineering, medicine and 17 aeronautic. The special character of this materials advises in two principal macroscopic properties are 18 the Super Elasticity Effect (SE) and the shape memory effect (SME) [1]. 19 The shape memory alloys can be existed in two crystal configurations: first one stable at higher tem- 20 peratures called Austenite phase, the second one stable at lower temperature called Martensite phase [2]. 21 We set four important temperatures in Fig. 1: (M s ) martensitic start temperature, the alloy begins con- 22 verting from Austenite to Martensite; (M f ) martensitic finish temperature, the alloy is entirely marten- 23 sitic; (A s ) austenite start, the alloy begins from martensitic to austenite; and (A f ) austenite finish, the 24 alloy is entirely Austenite [2,3]. 25 The shape memory alloy has been used as a sensor due to its sensibility to temperature and stress, 26 where also can be used as actuator thanks to its ability to recover a large amount of strain against 27 significant stress. This actuator can be made as a spring, ribbon shape or wire. It is able to produce 28 extreme forces from the viewpoint of volume to force ratio [4]. When two-way actuators designed to 29 operate to remember two shapes: one at Martensite and the other at the austenite over many cycles [4] 30 as shown in Fig. 2. 31 ∗ Corresponding author: Amine Riad, MEET Laboratory, FST Settat, Hassan 1st University of Settat, Morocco. E-mail: am.riad@uhp.ac.ma. 1472-7978/17/$35.00 c  2017 – IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved uncorrected proof version