~ 484 ~
The Pharma Innovation Journal 2023; 12(5): 484-491
ISSN (E): 2277-7695
ISSN (P): 2349-8242
NAAS Rating: 5.23
TPI 2023; 12(5): 484-491
© 2023 TPI
www.thepharmajournal.com
Received: 19-02-2023
Accepted: 23-03-2023
Lingaraj B
Ph.D., Scholar, Department of
Plant Pathology, College of
Agriculture, UAS, Raichur,
Karnataka, India
MK Naik
Director of Extension, UAS,
Raichur, Karnataka, India
Yenjerappa ST
Professor and Head, Department
of Plant Pathology, College of
Agriculture, UAS, Raichur,
Karnataka, India
Ajithkumar K
Scientist and Head, AICRP on
Linseed, MARS, College of
Agriculture, UAS, Raichur,
Karnataka, India
Pampanna Y
Assistant Professor and Head,
Horticulture Unit, MARS,
College of Agriculture, UAS,
Raichur, Karnataka, India
Kisan B
Assistant Professor, Department
of Molecular Biology and
Agricultural Biotechnology,
College of Agriculture, UAS,
Raichur, Karnataka, India
Corresponding Author:
Lingaraj B
Ph.D., Scholar, Department of
Plant Pathology, College of
Agriculture, UAS, Raichur,
Karnataka, India
Screening of commercial cabbage cultivars for black
rot resistance in Karnataka
Lingaraj B, MK Naik, Yenjerappa ST, Ajithkumar K, Pampanna Y and
Kisan B
Abstract
Black rot of cabbage caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is one of the most
damaging disease that significantly reduces cabbage yields globally. The introduction of disease-resistant
cabbage cultivars could be a simple and cost-efficient way to stop this deadly disease. We screened 28
cabbage cultivars under greenhouse conditions and 26 cultivars under field conditions for two seasons
(Kharif 2021 and rabi 2021-22). None of the cultivars were immune or resistant to black rot in both
greenhouse and field conditions. Under greenhouse conditions, only the Hari Rani cultivar recorded a
moderately resistant reaction with a disease severity of 29.60 and a minimum AUDPC of 140.60
compared to the other cultivars. Whereas, six cultivars showed a moderately susceptible reaction, 11
were susceptible, and 10 were highly susceptible to black rot. During field screening of cultivars (Kharif
2021) identifies Hari Rani was a moderately resistant hybrid with 30.37 per cent of disease severity
whereas during rabi 2021-22 none of them were recorded to be moderately resistant. The cultivar NEON
was recorded highly susceptible to black rot during rabi 2021-22 season with a disease severity of 77.77
per cent whereas none of them showed a highly susceptible reaction during Kharif 2021.
Keywords: Black rot, Xcc, cabbage, cultivar, screening
Introduction
Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) is considered as one of the most important
vegetable, widely grown for its nutritional and health benefits (Lee et al. 2015)
[9]
. Black rot
caused by the seed-borne bacterium Xcc, is one of the most devastating diseases of brassicas
(Vicente and Holub, 2013)
[22]
, responsible for severe economic losses worldwide (Rimmer et
al., 2007)
[14]
. Xcc is mainly a seed born pathogen, but can alive in crop residues and
cruciferous weeds and ornamentals (Roberts et al. 1999; Vicente et al. 2001; Lema et al. 2011)
[15, 21, 10]
. The crop may be affected at any stage during the growth period i.e., from the stage of
young seedling till maturity. The bacterial cells infect cabbage through hydathodes at the leaf
margins. In cabbage, typical V-shaped chlorotic lesions or through stomata, causing round
lesions. Warm and humid condition favors the disease development and splashing water from
rain or sprinkler spreads the pathogen from plant to plant. Xcc is also introduced primarily
from infected seeds in the greenhouse or field. The bacterium can survive in the soil if infected
plant residues are not decomposed. Since temperature generally remains low during the
vegetative growth stage of crucifer plants, one would not always expect the diseased plant to
be easily detected (Schaad, 1982)
[18]
. In favorable condition, black rot disease can reduce crop
yield by more than 50 per cent (Williams, 1980)
[23]
. However, farmers in Tanzania have
reported up to 100 per cent yield loss in cabbage (Massomo et al. 2004)
[11]
.
Use of pathogen-free seeds, seed treatment, sound sanitation practices, including the
elimination of potential inoculum sources, such as infected crop debris (Williams, 1980;
Kocks et al., 1998)
[23, 7]
and weeds (Williams, 1980; Schaad and Dianese, 1981)
[23, 17]
and use
of resistant cultivars and crop diversification and rotation are crucial methods for managing
black rot (Williams, 1980)
[23]
. Kocks and Ruissen (1996)
[8]
showed that increased field
resistance reduced the development of black rot in time and space in cabbage. Moreover, the
use of resistant cultivars is one of the most sustainable options, in comparison with chemical
products used to control various diseases (Rodrigues et al., 2004; Seabra et al., 2008)
[16, 19]
.
Thus, the evaluation of the resistance of cabbage cultivars to black rot is very important for
material recommendation and resistance source selection (Morais et al., 2012)
[12]
. Numerous
studies have been carried out to identify new sources of resistance in crucifers against black
rot. In cabbage, Bain (1952)
[2]
initially found resistance in the cv. ‘Huguenot’ and in the