International Journal of Experiential Learning & Case Studies 7:1 (June 2022) pp 1.16https://doi.org/10.22555/ijelcs.v7i1.625 1 Determining the Occupational Health and Safety of Workers in The Food Manufacturing Sector of Pakistan Nazia Atiq*, Ather Akhlaq** Abstract For organizations, conducting work in a safe environment has become mandatory under the provisions and guidelines provided by international and local laws. Occupational health and safety (OHS) standards have become a requisite in almost every industry these days. However, many organizations in developing countries are negligent in adhering to safety measures, and there is also an absence of proper monitoring. This study, therefore, tends to determine the occupational health and safety standards that are prevailing in the food manufacturing sector of Karachi, Pakistan. For this purpose, several food manufacturing companies were approached and interviews were conducted with quality assurance managers and health and safety executives to evaluate and examine the workplace conditions to better understand their OHS practices. The interviews revealed that the export-oriented food manufacturing companies in Pakistan are following occupational health and safety standards as it has now become a necessity; however, the extent to which these measures are implemented and strictly followed varies. Secondly, certain issues arise when companies try to follow and implement OHS practices, these problems also vary from company to company however, most of them relate to worker adaptability, costs, and training needs. The situation in local firms is pathetic. Most of them do not have HSE officers, no concept of toolbox talk, and no preventive and safety measures and these all things make the situation worst and lead to fatalities as law enforcement is missing. Keeping in view the perspectives of management, this study concludes that by establishing a national framework for policies and legislations as per the conventions of ILO for a better workplace environment along with proper law enforcement, improvement in the occupational health and safety domain can be achieved. Keywords: Necessity; Occupational Health and Safety; better workplace environment; Pakistan. JEL Classification: J81 1. INTRODUCTION For organizations to carry out profitable businesses they need to ensure safety and well-being in their workplaces. * Student of Institute of Business Management, IoBM, Karachi, Pakistan. Email: naziaatiq0@gmail.com(corresponding author) ** Associate professor Institute of Business Management IoBM Karachi, Pakistan.Email:ather.akhlaq@iobm.edu.pk