Annals of International Medical and Dental Research E-ISSN: 2395-2822 | P-ISSN: 2395-2814 Vol-8, Issue-2 | March-April 2022 DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.2.2 Page no- 05-10 | Section- Research Article (Biochemistry) 5 Copyright: ©The author(s), published in Annals of International Medical and Dental Research, Vol-8, Issue-2. This is an open access article under the Attribution-Non Commercial 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC 2.0) license. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/) Evaluation of Microalbuminuria in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection Mohid Raza 1 , Maninder Kaur 2 , Harjinder Singh 3 , Ravinder Khaira 4 * 1 Junior Resident, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College & Rajindra Hospital Patiala, Punjab, India. Email: mohid1985khan@gmail.com Orcid ID: 0000-0001-8963-4381 2 Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College & Rajindra Hospital Patiala, Punjab, India. Email: mkaur68@yahoo.com Orcid ID: 0000-0002-8709-7575 3 Professor, Department of Urology, Government Medical College & Rajindra Hospital Patiala, Punjab, India. Email: dr.hsingh.uro@gmail.com Orcid ID: 0000-0002-2745-4008 4 Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College & Rajindra Hospital Patiala, Punjab, India. Email: axelkhaira31@gmail.com Orcid ID: 0000-0001-7982-8895 *Corresponding author Received: 22 October 2021 Revised: 03 December 2021 Accepted: 17 December 2021 Published: 18 February 2022 Keywords:- Urinary tract infection, Albumin creatinine ratio, Microalbuminuria. INTRODUCTION Urinary tract infection (UTI) refers to the presence of microbial pathogens within the urinary tract. Diagnosis of urinary tract infection requires the presence of pus cells in the urine. Urinary tract infection is defined as the presence of 105 colony forming units (cfu)/mL in urine. Infection is uncomplicated when there is no underlying anatomical or functional abnormality. The underlying bacteriology of urinary tract infection mainly comprises of gram negative pathogens, most common of which is Escherichia coli. The pathogenic spectrum is more diverse and resilient in people with underlying systemic or local renal pathology indicating complicated infection. It is reported that UTI is affecting both genders but Abstract Background: Urinary tract infection is a collective term for infections that involve any part of the urinary tract. It is one of the most common infections in local primary care. There are wide range of factors identified that can increase susceptibility to UTI, like sexual intercourse, congenital abnormalities, urinary obstruction, prior history of UTI, diabetes, urogenital surgery, estrogen deficiency. Diabetes mellitus has been a significant risk factor for complicated UTI. Presence of microalbumin in urine in patients of urinary tract infection may be a predictor of intrinsic renal pathology and its presence is a predictor of ongoing progressive damage to kidneys. Microalbuminuria is also associated with cardiovascular events and diabetic nephropathy. Early diagnosis of microalbuminuria will decrease the incidence of end stage renal disease and cardiovascular events. The present study was thus conducted to evaluate prevalence of microalbuminuria in patients diagnosed with urinary tract infections. Material & Methods: The present hospital based case control study was conducted on 60 patients visiting the outpatient clinic (OPD) of Department of Urology, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital, Patiala and diagnosed with UTI and the control group consisted of 20 age and gender matched individuals. Estimation of urine microalbumin was done by Enyme linked immunoassay(ELISA) kit method in Department of Biochemistry, GMC Patiala. Results: Out of 60 cases of UTI included in the present study, prevalence of microalbuminuria was observed in 43.3% among cases of UTI . A total of 85% of the cases with positive urine culture had microalbuminuria (p<0.01). Conclusions: Microalbuminuria and ACR can be recommended for predicting ESRD at an early stage of kidney disease.