Research Article Open Access Zakopoulou, Int J Sch Cogn Psychol 2018, 5:3 DOI: 10.4172/2469-9837.1000212 Research Article Open Access International Journal of School and Cognitive Psychology I n t e r n a t i o n a l J o u r n a l o f S c h o o l a n d C o g n i t i v e P s y c h o l o g y ISSN: 2469-9837 Volume 5 • Issue 3 • 1000212 Int J Sch Cogn Psychol, an open access journal ISSN: 2469-9837 Keywords: Learning disabilities; Primary education; Delinquency; Disruptive behavior Introduction Learning disabilities In 1974, aiming to be studied the common framework of problems such as dyslexia, dysgraphia, aphasia, perception problems or problems with small brain dysfunction or even the problems of misconduct, the term “learning disabilities” was adopted [1]. Te term of learning disabilities refers to several conditions that may afect the acquisition, organization, preservation, understanding or use of verbal or non-verbal information. Tey are due to lesions, one or more processes related to perception, thought, memorization or learning [2]. Learning disabilities may also be mild, moderate or severe, and students difer in skills to deal with these disabilities [3]. Some learn to adapt to learning disabilities so well that they “go unnoticed” while others are struggling for their whole life to do even “simple” things. In both cases, the occurrence of learning disabilities begins from childhood and is a lasting condition [4]. Te most common types of learning disabilities are dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, ADHD. Tese afect the felds of reading, mathematics and written expression [5]. Students with learning disabilities may: (a) have difculty learning the alphabet, associating letters with their sounds, rhetoric words, understanding, spelling, organization-written and oral, and (b) are unable to express their ideas in writing, to write legibly, to distinguish homonymous words, to separate mathematical symbols and numbers, to complete a work, and follow social standards [6]. Similarly, it becomes important to highlight the diference between learning disabilities and school difculties arising from other causes. Such may be an inadequate school management, the lack of well- educated and efective teachers in schools, the large number of students in classes, teaching in another language than the students’ mother tongue, and unfortunately, sometimes, negative behaviors among some teachers to children with difculties, and their integration into mainstream schools as a result of teachers’ tradition and culture [7]. Juvenile delinquency “In the feld of crime and delinquency, there is a serious and widespread problem (which is particularly acute in some of the more developed countries): juvenile delinquency. Te various agencies, which the experts hoped would be efective in preventing juvenile delinquency, failed to do so. Te issue of subjective causes needs to be reviewed from a broad perspective and new methods developed to address these causes “(United Nations Report, Five-Year Perspective, 1960-1964) [8]. Tere are two diferent types of ofenses committed by minors, delinquent antisocial behavior and ofenses [9]. Including ofenses means that acts committed by adults could lead to criminal prosecution [10]. At this point, three impressive features of today’s juvenile delinquency should be taken into account: I. Juvenile delinquency is primarily a phenomenon of male groups. II. Family members and long-term unemployment, ethnic conficts and psychosocial problems accumulate, mainly in urban centers with large populations, leading to social disorganization, promoting model and dangerous behavior and encouraging the search for opponents. *Corresponding author: Victoria Zakopoulou, Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Ioannina, Greece, Tel: 0030-697-99-66-451; E-mail: vzakop@ioa.teiep.gr Received August 09, 2018; Accepted August 28, 2018; Published September 04, 2018 Citation: Zakopoulou V, Sarris D, Tagkas P, Tsampalas E, Vergou M (2018) Learning Disabilities and Disruptive Behavior: Research of Observing Students in Primary School. Int J Sch Cogn Psychol 5: 212. doi:10.4172/2469-9837.1000212 Copyright: © 2018 Zakopoulou V. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Learning disabilities are characterized by students’ weaknesses in reading, spelling, comprehension, written and spoken words, and social behavior. Commonly, learning disabilities are associated with problems in executive and extensive behavior, such as the anti-social and delinquent behavior. The purpose of this research is to investigate whether students of all grades of elementary school with learning disabilities belong to the category of “problem” children, children with offending behaviors, in and out of class. 21 students of all grades with learning diffculties were observed in the second half of the school year 2016-2017. Researchers separately observed target students in and out of class. Each observation lasted for 40 min. Each student was observed for a total of 4 teaching hours. The research highlighted an important relationship between learning disabilities and social behavior, stressing that the target learners were those who did not participate in the learning process, created class fuss, received comments from teachers, participated in all the problematic situations during of the breaks, often visited the Director’s offce to impose the appropriate sanctions-penalties (within the framework of the regulations). Learning Disabilities and Disruptive Behavior: Research of Observing Students in Primary School Victoria Zakopoulou 1 *, Dimitrios Sarris 2 , Periklis Tagkas 3 , Evangelos Tsampalas 4 , Maria Vergou 5 1 Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Ioannina, Greece 2 Department of Nursery Education, University of Ioannina, Greece 3 Department of Business Administration, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Ioannina, Greece 4 Elementary School Teacher, Nicosia, Cyprus 5 Preschool teacher, Epirus, Greece