*Corresponding Author: puspitahore22@gmail.com 276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2023.v30.025 Int. J. Exp. Res. Rev., Vol. 30: 276-281 (2023) Toxic effect of 2,4-D on cytology of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek Puspita Hore* and Bhaben Tanti Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014, Assam, India E-mail/Orcid Id: PH, puspitahore22@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3682-0413; BT, bt53@rediffmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-4562 Introduction The amounts of pesticides used and the indications and symptoms of sickness among farmers as a result of exposure are directly correlated (Kishi et al., 1995). The use of pesticides represents a new era in the application of man-made chemicals in the management of pests, increasing food production, increasing farmer income, and aiding in the elimination of illnesses. For upcoming discussions on Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek and the safety of consuming this crop, knowledge of the effects of the common herbicide 2,4-D (2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) would be quite helpful. Among the group of plant growth regulators known as synthetic auxins is 2,4-D. It enters the plant's meristems via the leaves and is then transported there. Growth that is out of control and unsustainable results curling in stem, withering leaves, and eventually plant death. Herbicide is employed to control weeds in broadleaf in the habitat ranges from aquatic environments, lawn, sand woods, as one of the most suitable herbicide. In the world one of the herbicides 2,4-D is most widely utilised in agricultural practices. Low to moderate acute toxicity applies to 2,4- D. Due to the acidic nature of 2,4-D, high doses can produce nausea, vomiting, burning in the mouth, and other unpleasant side effects (Freisthler et al., 2022). 2,4- D primarily destroy plants by changing the flexibility of their cell walls, interfering with protein synthesis, and upping ethylene production as suggested by the Environmental Protection Agency/EPA, U.S. At the recommended levels, 2,4-D induces unchecked and unfeasible growth in plants, which results curling in stem, withering leaves, and finally death of plant life (Song, Article History: Received: 12 th Feb., 2023 Accepted: 13 th Apr., 2023 Published: 30 th Apr., 2023 Abstract: Farmers’ preference for cultivation of Mung bean (Vigna radiata) especially in the activity of sprout germination can exhibit zestful features while in bio-physiological and metabolical actions. Desiring for improved use of this habitually consumed crop for its ranges of medicinal values which possesses anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti- hyperglycemic, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, metabolic accommodation of lipid, and antitumor effect, and many more scientists are working on it in order gather more evidences. The current study utilised concentrations of 50, 100, 500, and 1000 ppm in mung bean somatic cells to determine the toxicity of 2,4-D. Each concentration is treated for a length of 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. Low concentration (50 ppm) pollutants were exposed for 24 hours in Mung bean, and the mitotic index decreased with the increased exposure times of 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. Mitotic indexes dropped, whereas chromosomal abnormalities rose. The mitotic index had a propensity to decline as pollution concentrations rose concurrently. Some of the common anomalies seen across all treatments include C-metaphase, star shaped, binucleate, micronuclei, sticky anaphase erosion, chromosomal distributional error, chromosomal clumping, and failure of cell plate formation. Chromosome stickiness at 50 ppm, increased cell size at 100 ppm, chromosomal compression at 500 ppm, and chromosomal disintegration at 1000 ppm are relatively prevalent among all the treatments. For such crops, which have numerous uses, biomonitoring is necessary. This study can provide guidelines for determining the proper pesticide dose for extensive farming. Keywords: Antioxidant, biomonitoring, folate, mitotic index, mung bean, pollution