J Control Autom Electr Syst
DOI 10.1007/s40313-017-0319-x
Study of the Influence of Underground Power Line Shielding
Techniques on Its Power Capability
Marco Túlio A. Êvo
1
· Hélder de Paula
2
· Ivan José S. Lopes
2
·
Renato C. Mesquita
2
· Diogo S. C. Souza
2
Received: 3 August 2016 / Revised: 27 January 2017 / Accepted: 25 March 2017
© Brazilian Society for Automatics–SBA 2017
Abstract There are important concerns about the problems
caused by high values of low-frequency magnetic field in
urban centers. Two of them have received particular atten-
tion: the electromagnetic interference in sensitive equipment
and the potential adverse health effects on human beings.
In this way, many solutions to mitigate the magnetic field
generated by these lines have been proposed. In this con-
text, this work presents several computational results about
the effectiveness of the main forms to reduce the magnetic
field generated by underground power cables. The analysis
addresses not only the field attenuation levels, but also the
impact on the rated current due to the presence of shielding
devices. From these results, it is possible to choose the best
shielding arrangement for each specific situation, in order to
achieve the required attenuation levels with the least ampac-
ity loss. The thermal-magnetic model was implemented in
the (free) software FEMM 4.2, which employs the finite ele-
ment method.
Keywords Magnetic field · Shielding · Underground power
cables · Finite element method
1 Introduction
To agree with laws and regulations concerning the maxi-
mum allowed magnetic field levels, the presence of shielding
devices is oftentimes necessary. In the particular case of
B Marco Túlio A. Êvo
mtevo@ufsj.edu.br
1
Federal University of São João del Rei–UFSJ,
36307-352 São João del Rei, Brazil
2
Federal University of Minas Gerais–UFMG,
31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
underground power cables, many technical solutions have
been proposed to mitigate the resulting magnetic field, such
as (i) conductor management, (ii) passive and active com-
pensation loops and (iii) shielding by metallic materials
(conductive or ferromagnetic). A good review of these solu-
tions is presented in C4.204 (2009).
However, the presence of additional elements near the
power cables may cause a temperature rise of the conduc-
tors, due to the Joule losses caused by the eddy currents
induced in the shielding and also hysteresis losses, in the
case of devices made of ferromagnetic materials. Since over-
heating can damage the cables insulation, a derating of the
line ampacity may be necessary to ensure its safe operation.
Furthermore, aside from operating as additional heat sources,
shielding equipment modifies the heat exchange conditions
in the line surroundings. In this context, a shielding method
should thus meet the required attenuation levels but, at the
same time, influence as little as possible the line current rat-
ing.
Due to the complexity of the problem, the computation
of the magnetic field and, thus, the shielding effective-
ness requires the use of numerical techniques as discussed
in del Pino Lopez and Romero (2011b), Hasselgren and
Luomi (1995). The use of numerical methods also allows
the analysis of heat flow in underground systems with
complex arrangements, as shown in del Pino Lopez and
Romero (2011b), Flatabo (1973), Kellow (1981),León and
Anders (2008). However, just few studies have considered
coupling the magnetic field mitigation with the thermal
behavior of the resulting system, such as del Pino Lopez
and Romero (2011b), del Pino Lopez and Romero (2011c),
Êvo et al. (2015). On the other hand, the results from the
above-mentioned works are related to only a few mitiga-
tion strategies, thus not including all the main alternatives
to reduce the magnetic field. In this context, the aim of
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