Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2022, 10, 87-99
https://www.scirp.org/journal/gep
ISSN Online: 2327-4344
ISSN Print: 2327-4336
DOI: 10.4236/gep.2022.1012007 Dec. 13, 2022 87 Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection
The Impact of Face Mask Inks and Dyes on the
Environment and Human Health
Abderrahim Lakhouit, Wael S. Al-Rashed
*
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Abstract
To reduce the impact of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, popularly known as the
Coronavirus, many public health-related rules have been established around
the world. Along with social distancing and lockdowns, most countries have
mandatory wearing of face masks in public areas to limit the spread of the
virus during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, because people are free to
choose any method to make their masks, some are being fabricated from ma-
terials that can be toxic to the environment and human health. This paper
discusses how inks and dyes used in face masks are causing major environ-
mental degradation and health issues in industry workers and the general
mask-wearing public. The goal fixed for the present study is to raise the alarm
with authorities and decision-makers regarding the toxic nature of some col-
ors (dyes and inks) and fabrics in the masks being worn every day.
Keywords
Face Masks, COVID-19, Coronavirus, Inks, Dyes
1. Introduction
In 2019, a new form of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak began in Wuhan,
China, and the latter spread to the rest of the world. By March 2020, the World
Health Organization (WHO) had named the illness “COVID-19” and declared
it a pandemic. Measures and restrictions were introduced globally to halt the
further spread of the virus, including lockdowns, social distancing, and public
mandates. In particular, wearing masks and additional personal protective equip-
ment (PPE) such as face shields and gloves became widespread in the public realm
(Huang et al., 2020; Lakhouit, 2020). In many places, masks and face shields be-
came mandatory by government order and had to be worn in public spaces such
as schools, health care facilities, public transit, and shops. The masks were in-
How to cite this paper: Lakhouit, A., &
Al-Rashed, W. S. (2022). The Impact of Face
Mask Inks and Dyes on the Environment
and Human Health. Journal of Geoscience
and Environment Protection, 10, 87-99.
https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2022.1012007
Received: November 3, 2022
Accepted: December 10, 2022
Published: December 13, 2022
Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access