Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3 Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-023-01219-z REVIEW ARTICLE Impact of exercise training duration on obesity and cardiometabolic biomarkers: a systematic review Richa Hirendra Rai 1  · Ram B. Singh 2  · Vishal Mehta 3  · Sakshi 1  · Mohd Asif 4  · Kajal Goyal 4  · Apoorva Balodhi 4  · Palak Manglik 4  · Abhishek Sharma 5  · Aksh Chahal 6 Received: 27 February 2023 / Accepted: 27 March 2023 © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2023 Abstract Introduction Physical exercise deters the risk and reduce the adjusted Odds Ratio related to obesity and cardiometabolic diseases but the amount of physical exercise required for initiating those potential advantageous developments in the human body for normal obese individuals is still debatable and thus made many face the health burden during pandemic, despite of their claiming to be physically active. Objective The primary aim of this review was to fnd an ideal duration and form of exercise that could help reduce the risk of cardiometabolic diseases and its complications for subjects with obesity and deranged cardiometabolic risk markers. Method Electronic database PubMed/MedLine, Scopus and PEDro for available literature on Experimental studies and RCT on exercise prescription and its efect on anthropometric measurements as well as key biomarkers in obese individuals, 451 records were procured, 47 full text articles were identifed to assess eligibility criteria out of which 19 were fnally included in the review. Results There exists a strong association between cardiometabolic profle and physical activity, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle and continuous exercises for longer duration can lead to reduction in obesity and subjects with cardiometabolic diseases. Conclusion Various confounding factors that may afect the outcome of physical activity training have not been considered in a standard format by all the authors in the articles reviewed. There was variation in duration of physical activity and energy expenditure required for inducing the changes in diferent cardiometabolic biomarkers. Keywords Review · Obesity · Cardio-metabolic diseases · Fitness · Physical training guidelines · Physical training · Duration * Aksh Chahal drakshchahal@gmail.com Richa Hirendra Rai richaraidpsru@gmail.com; richarai@dpsru.edu.in Ram B. Singh rbs@tsimtsoum.net Vishal Mehta drvishalanduat@gmail.com Sakshi sakshilohia2000@gmail.com Mohd Asif seep610@gmail.com Kajal Goyal kajupista98@gmail.com Apoorva Balodhi apoorvabalodhi15@gmail.com Palak Manglik palak.manglik@yahoo.com Abhishek Sharma abhisheksharmampt@gmail.com 1 School of Physiotherapy, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India 2 Halberg Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad, UP, India 3 Department of Agricultural Statistics, College of Agriculture, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology (ANDUAT), Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India 4 Banarsidas Chandiwala Institute of Physiotherapy, New Delhi, India 5 Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Haryana 133207, India 6 Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medical and Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 203201, India