TYPE Original Research
PUBLISHED 23 February 2023
DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1123356
OPEN ACCESS
EDITED BY
Mohammadreza Shalbafan,
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
REVIEWED BY
Tina Peraica,
University Hospital Dubrava, Croatia
Ah Yusuf,
Airlangga University, Indonesia
Gianluca Serafini,
San Martino Hospital (IRCCS), Italy
*CORRESPONDENCE
Ismail Rammouz
i.rammouz@uiz.ac.ma
SPECIALTY SECTION
This article was submitted to
Public Mental Health,
a section of the journal
Frontiers in Psychiatry
RECEIVED 13 December 2022
ACCEPTED 25 January 2023
PUBLISHED 23 February 2023
CITATION
Rammouz I, Lahlou L, Salehddine Z,
Eloumary O, Laaraj H, Ouhamou M, Mouhadi K,
Doufik J, Aalouane R and Boujraf S (2023)
Religiosity, stress, and depressive symptoms
among nursing and medical students during
the middle stage of the COVID-19 pandemic: A
cross-sectional study in Morocco.
Front. Psychiatry 14:1123356.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1123356
COPYRIGHT
© 2023 Rammouz, Lahlou, Salehddine,
Eloumary, Laaraj, Ouhamou, Mouhadi, Doufik,
Aalouane and Boujraf. This is an open-access
article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).
The use, distribution or reproduction in other
forums is permitted, provided the original
author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are
credited and that the original publication in this
journal is cited, in accordance with accepted
academic practice. No use, distribution or
reproduction is permitted which does not
comply with these terms.
Religiosity, stress, and depressive
symptoms among nursing and
medical students during the
middle stage of the COVID-19
pandemic: A cross-sectional
study in Morocco
Ismail Rammouz
1,2,3
*, Laila Lahlou
2
, Zineb Salehddine
3
,
Omar Eloumary
3
, Hicham Laaraj
3
, Mina Ouhamou
3
,
Khalid Mouhadi
2
, Jalal Doufik
2,3
, Rachid Aalouane
1
and
Said Boujraf
1
1
Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez,
Morocco,
2
Clinical Neuroscience, Innovation and Ethic (NICE) Laboratory REGNE, Medical School of
Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco,
3
Departement of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ibn Zohr
University, Agadir, Morocco
Background: Recent studies on nursing and medical students showed a higher
prevalence of depression and stress than the general population. Religiosity and
spirituality are common in Muslim countries and are usually used as a means of
coping strategy for psychological and mental disorders.
Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the association between religious
actions, depressive symptoms, and stress among students of nursing education
lasting 3 years and students from the first 3 years of medical education lasting 7
years. The study was conducted at Ibn Zohr University of Agadir, Morocco.
Method: A sample of different stages of nursing and medical students was
recruited. Religiosity was assessed by Muslim Belief into Action (M.BIAC) scale.
The depressive symptoms and stress were, respectively, assessed by the Beck
Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS).
Results: Four hundred and thirteen students participated in this study. Our results
showed a high prevalence of depressive symptoms (62.2%) and stress (66.8%). The
depression scores were higher in the following subsample categories: students
in the first 2 years of studies, female medical students, and nursing students
with significant differences. The recorded religiosity was greater among students
without depression compared to students with depression (p < 0.001). In the
multivariate regression, the BIAC score demonstrated religiosity as neither a risk
factor nor a protective factor of depression.
Conclusion: Religiosity constitutes a protective factor of depression and stress
among nursing and medical students. This should improve the student’s ability to
cope with stressful situations during their training. Prospective studies are needed
to further investigate this association and how religiosity improves mental health.
This would contribute to improved academic performance and wellbeing among
medical and nursing students.
KEYWORDS
religiosity, spirituality, stress, depression, students
Frontiers in Psychiatry 01 frontiersin.org