© 2018 International Journal of the Cardiovascular Academy | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 32
Abstract
Case Report
IntroductIon
Degenerative aortic stenosis is the most commonly acquired
valvular heart disease in adults, with a prevalence of 4% in
patients over 80 years of age. In symptomatic patients, surgical
aortic valve replacement has been the treatment of choice
for 40 years.
[1]
However, especially for the older ages, up to
30%–60% of cases are considered too high risk for open-heart
surgery.
[2-4]
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has
been introduced in 2002 by Cribier et al. to treat older surgical
high-risk patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis.
[5]
The EuroSCORE and Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)
score are the most widely used risk scores to predict operative
mortality in cardiac surgery.
[6]
caSe report
The patient with severe aortic stenosis was hospitalized;
after a multidisciplinary discussion by the heart team, the
patient was planned for TAVI using the Edwards SAPIEN
valve through a transfemoral approach [Figure 1]. When
this procedure was administered, the patient was morbidly
obese with 40.8 body mass index (BMI). After 5 months,
she was admitted to our hospital with severe dyspnea and
decreased effort capacity that worsened day by day. Her
medical therapy was started immediately and evaluated
for the reason. During her examination, echocardiography
revealed us a severe aortic regurgitation due to dislocation
of the vale to the left ventricular outflow tract. After
hemodynamic stability facilitated, she was taken to
laboratory and 26 mm CoreValve Evolut R was implanted
as valve-in-valve technique [Figures 2 and 3]. No acute
complication occurred; after 5-day hospitalization, she
was discharged. At the second administration, her BMI was
29.2; she lost 29 kg in 7 weeks, which can be the cause of
valve migration.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a novel method for patients with severe aortic stenosis at high surgical risk. Although short- and
medium-term outcomes after TAVI are encouraging, long-term data on valve function and clinical outcomes are limited. Hence, our case can make a
contribution to literature. An 80-year-old patient with severe aortic stenosis underwent TAVI in our clinic in October 2015. After 5 months, she admitted
to our emergency department with severe dyspnea. Her symptoms were started within 2 days and getting worse day by day. Echocardiography revealed
us a severe aortic regurgitation due to dislocation of the valve to the left ventricular outfow tract side. After diagnosis, aortic regurgitation was treated
by valve-in-valve technique. TAVI may provide an alternative therapeutic approach to ineligible or poor surgical candidates of degenerative aortic
stenosis. However, this technique also has some complications such as mortality, atrioventricular (AV) block, stroke, and coronary obstruction. Valve
embolization is an another rare complication of this procedure and usually can be prevented by careful preprocedure annulus measurements, stable lead
positioning for rapid pacing, optimal valve positioning, full balloon infation at the time of valve deployment, and complete balloon defation before
stopping rapid pacing. At this point, our case became important for the complication literature with its time, about 5 months. Because it is the more
recently used technique, we need much more time to detect the usefulness and complications of TAVI and learn how to avoid these complications.
Keywords: Aortic stenosis, transcatheter aortic valve implantation, valve migration
Address for correspondence: Dr. Özgen Şafak,
Department of Cardiology, Burdur State Hospital, Burdur, Turkey.
E‑mail: ozgen_safak@yahoo.com
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DOI:
10.4103/IJCA.IJCA_9_18
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How to cite this article: Şafak Ö, Karaca I, Özgüler M. Is it a new late
complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation?. Int J Cardiovasc
Acad 2018;4:32-4.
Is it a New Late Complication of Transcatheter Aortic Valve
Implantation?
Özgen Şafak, Ilgın Karaca
1
, Murat Özgüler
2
Department of Cardiology, Burdur State Hospital, Burdur, Departments of
1
Cardiology and
2
Cardiovascular Surgery, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey