152 Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 211/212 (1994) 152-154
JALCOM 079
Dislocation damping and associated modulus defect in copper
crystals
Ariel O. Moreno Gobbi
Departamento de F£sica, Facultad de Ciencias, 11200 Montevideo (Uruguay)
J.A. Eiras
Departamento de F£sica, Universidade Federal de Sdo Carlos, 13565 905 Sdo Carlos, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Abstract
Ultrasonic attenuation and the modulus defect were investigated in (lll)-deformed copper single crystals.
Experimental results were interpreted as resulting from the contribution of two dislocation mechanisms: kink
resonance and kink relaxation (stress-induced double-kink formation). Bordoni peak relaxation is described
considering no distribution in activation energy or relaxation time. The kink density contributing to the resonance
mechanism is shown to be dependent on temperature.
1. Introduction
The ultrasonic attenuation and the associated
modulus defect in high purity metals are caused mainly
by the presence of dislocations [1, 2]. In deformed f.c.c.
crystals a relaxation peak, called the Bordoni peak (BP),
has been observed [2-4]. The BP was extensively in-
vestigated at low frequencies and its primary charac-
teristics are well established [2]. Secondary character-
istics, such as the width, are not well understood yet.
Measurements in the megahertz range have the ad-
vantage of enabling us to investigate the same sample
at different frequencies. Mongy et al. [5] reported an
orientation anisotropy for the peak temperature, which
was not confirmed by other authors [6, 7]. However,
ultrasonic attenuation measurements alone cannot ad-
equately help to explain the BP width, owing to the
concurrence of more than one dislocation mechanism
contributing to the damping. Simultaneous measure-
ments of ultrasonic attenuation and velocity [7] appeared
to be helpful for obtaining additional information about
the Bordoni relaxation.
This study deals with the interpretation of results
obtained for the logarithmic decrement 8 and modulus
defect AM/Mo in deformed copper single crystals. A
solution is proposed which separates the contributions
of kink resonance and Bordoni relaxation to the dis-
location damping and modulus defect.
2. Experimental procedure
High purity copper single crystals (residual resistivity
ratio (RRR) = 1500) in the form of cubes of side 1 cm
were used as samples in this work. The specimens,
previously oriented by the Laue X-ray method, were
deformed by compression in the (111) direction. The
samples were left for 1 h at 373 K after the deformation.
Ultrasonic attenuation and velocity were measured
simultaneously using the pulse echo method [8]. The
time for a round trip pulse on the sample was obtained
by the pulse echo overlap technique [9].
Measurements were performed while cooling the
samples between 300 and 80 K at a rate of 1 K min-1.
In an undeformed sample, irradiated with y-rays until
total pinning of the dislocations occurred, we measured
the dislocation-free ultrasonic attenuation at and ve-
locity v0 (background). The background, and its tem-
perature dependence, were assumed to be the same
for all investigated samples.
The logarithmic decrement ~ and the modulus defect
AM/Mo were calculated as reported in ref. 7.
3. Results and discussion
Figures 1 and 2 show typical temperature dependences
for the logarithmic decrement and modulus defect of
the investigated samples. The ~ curves present a peak
(at 172 K and at 153 K in Fig. l(a) and Fig. 2(a)
respectively), which is well known as the BP [1--4]. In
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