International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics | March-April 2023 | Vol 9 | Issue 2 Page 454
International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics
Wankhede AK et al. Int J Res Orthop. 2023 Mar;9(2):454-457
http://www.ijoro.org
Case Report
Synovial lipoma of the ankle and foot: a rare case report
Aniket K. Wankhede*, Rohit Rathod, Girish Mote, C. M. Badole, Mrigank Medhi
INTRODUCTION
Synovial lipomatosis is a highly rare and uncommon
condition of the synovial joints and synovial sheaths and
bursae. The etiology of this condition is not completely
defined, it has been characterized as the hyperplasia of the
adipocytes in the subsynovial layer.
1
The most commonly
reported site is the knee joint like the suprapatellar pouch
due to the fat pad layer surrounding the knee.
2,3
Occasional
reporting of the cases of the elbow, and shoulder is being
done.
4-8
Its occurrence in subacromial-subdeltoid bursae
and bicipital bursae is also being reported.
5
“Arborescens” in Latin means “tree”, as described tree-
like morphology of the lipomatous villous synovial
proliferation. When there is the absence of macroscopic
villi, then it is termed lipoma simplex or lipoma of the
tendon sheath.
9,10
It has been suggested to name both the
condition lipoma arborescens and lipoma simplex as
synovial lipomatosis.
Lipoma involving tendon sheaths of the ankle and foot has
rarely been reported in the literature. Here we report a rare
case of synovial lipomatosis.
CASE REPORT
Presenting a case of a 28-year-old male who came to the
orthopedic surgeon with 12 years of history of swelling on
the dorsum of the right foot which was painless until the
last 2-3 weeks. Now suffering from pain in the right foot
which aggravates on standing and walking, the patient also
complains of a tingling sensation on the fingers of the same
foot. There are no skin problems, no morning stiffness, no
systemic manifestations, and no other joint involvement.
He does not give any history of trauma to the foot recent
and in the past. Examination reveals bulky soft rubber-like
swelling on the foot, the skin on the swelling is normal. On
palpation, the patient has deep tenderness and the dorsalis
pedis is not palpable, swelling was compressible.
Laboratory routine tests like complete blood count and
renal panel are within normal limits, rheumatoid factor
ABSTRACT
Synovial lipomatosis is an extremely rare type of disease in which there is an excess of adipose tissue involving the
synovium layer of joints or synovial sheath around the tendons causing pain, paraesthesia, and weakness. The most
common site being reported till now is Knee joint or parapatellar space other joints such as elbows and shoulders are
being reported after the knee joint, and the ankle joint is rarely reported 2 cases have been reported in the English
literature. We report a case of a 28-year-old male presenting with swelling of the right foot for 12 years and developed
symptoms of pain and tingling on the toes for 2-3 weeks. Multiple bony hard lesions were palpated on the base of the
foot, ultrasonography (USG) showed a subcutaneous lesion around the extensor tendons of the foot and fine needle
aspiration cytology (FNAC) had a picture of the synovial cyst. Surgical excision was done and histopathology was
reported to be as a fibrofatty tissue with multiple adipocytes suggesting lipoma arborescent.
Keywords: Synovial lipomatosis, Ankle and foot, Lipoma, Lipoma arborescent
Department of Orthopaedics, MGIMS Sevagram, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
Received: 11 January 2023
Revised: 07 February 2023
Accepted: 13 February 2023
*Correspondence:
Dr. Aniket K. Wankhede,
E-mail: dr.aniket.w@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4510.IntJResOrthop20230482