Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2022 Jan 03; 10(G):45-51. 45
Scientifc Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2022 Jan 03; 10(G):45-51.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7778
eISSN: 1857-9655
Category: G - Nursing
Section: Nursing in Internal Medicine
Exploration the Needs of Nursing Care of Drugs Addiction Service
Institutions in Indonesia
Herni Susanti
1
* , Ice Yulia Wardani
2
, Nurlaila Fitriani
3
, Kurniawan Kurniawan
4
1
Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jakarta, Indonesia;
2
Department of
Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jakarta, Indonesia;
3
School of Nursing, Faculty of
Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia;
4
Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty
of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nurses as a care giver play an important role in managing addicts. The implementation of quality
care needs to be supported by the availability of services and appropriate guidance to care providers. In Indonesia,
what is available is a general guide for all healthcare professionals.
AIM: This study is to explores nurses’ and health professionals’ views about the need of nursing care to care for
drug addiction clients.
METHODS: This study used qualitative descriptive study. The data collection used in depth interviews. The study
involved 10 nurses and 10 health profession recruited from the three government centers of addiction services in the
capital city of Indonesia. The analysis of the data using thematic analysis.
RESULTS: There were four themes in this study such as gray area between nurses and other health workers in
handling clients, the role of drug addiction nurses, challenges and strategies in caring for addiction clients and hopes.
CONCLUSION: Nursing staf must have the knowledge, attitudes, and special skills to perform their duties. Having a
mental health nurse in a drug addiction service facility should be seen as a step toward solving the Indonesian drug
addiction nursing dilemma. Good guidance and training should be provided to caregivers of drug addiction services
to improve their knowledge, skills, abilities, and behaviors in dealing with drug addiction.
Edited by: Branislav Filipović
Citation: Susanti H, Wardani IY, Fitriani N, Kurniawan K.
Exploration the Needs of Nursing Care of Drugs Addiction
Service Institutions in Indonesia. Open Access Maced J
Med Sci. 2022 Jan 03; 10(G):45-51.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7778
Keywords: Addiction; Drug abuse; Nursing care;
Nursing competence
*Correspondence: Herni Susanti, Department of Mental
Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia,
Depok, Jakarta, Indonesia. E-mail: herni-s@ui.ac.id
Received: 01-Nov-2021
Revised: 01-Dec-2021
Accepted: 15-Dec-2021
Copyright: © 2022 Herni Susanti, Ice Yulia Wardani,
Nurlaila Fitriani, Kurniawan Kurniawan
Funding: This study was supported by the Research
Guidance Fund for Young Lecturers at the Faculty of
Nursing, Universitas Indonesia (No: 2348/UN2.F12.D/
SDM.02.04.10/2018)
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no
competing interests exist
Open Access: This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Introduction
Worldwide, it recorded that around 270 million
people in the age range of 15–64 years have used
psychoactive drugs in the previous year. About 35
million people are estimated to have experienced drug
abuse. As a result, around 0.5 million people die each
year [1]. According to the National Survey on Drug Use
and Health, 19.7 million American adults (aged 12 and
older) struggled with a substance use disorder in 2017.
Nearly 74% of adults with a substance use disorder in
2017 worked with a substance use disorder—alcohol
use [2]. In 2016 the Indonesian National Narcotics
Agency reported that drug users increased. In 2014,
there were 4.1 million people, and in 2015 there
were 1.8 million people, bringing the total number of
drug users in 2015 to 5.9 million people. 5.9 million
Indonesian children out of 87 million children reported
to be abusing drugs—1.6 million are drug dealers [3].
The Drug Dependent Hospital (RSKO), located
in Jakarta, Indonesia, as a drug addiction service
centers, reported that in 2016 there were 669 visits
from 647 visits in 2015 to the Emergency Unit due to
drug problems [4]. The increasing number of drug users
will also cause an increase in the need for treatment
and rehabilitation, especially for chronic drug addiction
clients [5]. Clients with this chronic problem need more
extended assistance from people around them to meet
their basic needs. If they cannot meet their basic needs
at home, families generally seek care assistance at
various institutions that provide nursing services [6]. At
present, especially in Indonesia, services are only found
in a few institutions (RSKO, National Narcotics Agency,
several mental hospitals, health centers) and have not
been evenly distributed throughout Indonesia. The
limited institution of drug addiction handling services
has resulted in many clients not receiving treatment
services, so they are vulnerable to recurrence, further
aggravating the situation.
The nurse plays a key role in carrying out the
handling of the addiction client. Nursing care starts
from the assessment, determination of diagnosis,
planning for interventions, implementation, and
evaluation; nurses help, support and provide education
to clients and families about how to live life without