ResearchArticle
A New Big Data Approach to Understanding General Traffic
Impacts on Bus Passenger Delays
Yaiza Montero-Lamas ,
1
Margarita Novales ,
1
Alfonso Orro ,
1
and Graham Currie
2
1
UniversidadedaCoruña,GroupofRailwaysandTransportationEngineering,ETSIngenierosdeCaminos,CanalesyPuertos,
Elviña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
2
Public Transport Research Group, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Correspondence should be addressed to Yaiza Montero•Lamas; y.montero@udc.es
Received 6 December 2022; Revised 3 April 2023; Accepted 24 April 2023; Published 11 May 2023
Academic Editor: Socrates Basbas
Copyright © 2023 Yaiza Montero•Lamas et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Tis paper presents a new method to quantify the potential user time savings if the urban bus is given preferential treatment,
changing from mixed trafc to an exclusive bus lane, using a big data approach. Te main advantage of the proposal is the use of
the high amount of information that is automatically collected by sensors and management systems in many diferent situations
with a high degree of spatial and temporal detail. Tese data allow ready adjustment of calculations to the specifc reality measured
in each case. In this way, we propose a novel methodology of general application to estimate the potential passenger savings
instead of using simulation or analytical methods already present in the literature. For that purpose, in the frst place, a travel time
prediction model per vehicle trip has been developed. It has been calibrated and validated with a historical series of observations in
real•world situations. Tis model is based on multiple linear regression. Te estimated bus delay is obtained by comparing the
estimated bus travel time with the bus travel time under free•fow conditions. Finally, estimated bus passenger time savings would
be obtained if an exclusive bus lane had been implemented. An estimation of the passenger’s route in each vehicle trip is
considered to avoid average value simplifcations in this calculation. A case study is conducted in A Coruña, Spain, to prove the
methodology's applicability. Te results showed that 18.7% of the analyzed bus trips underwent a delay exceeding 3 min in
a 2,448 m long corridor, and more than 33,000 h per year could have been saved with an exclusive bus lane. Understanding the
impact of diferent factors on transit and the benefts of a priority bus system on passengers can help city councils and transit
agencies to know which investments to prioritize given their limited budget.
1. Introduction
Improving bus systems to attract new users is essential to
achieving more sustainable mobility. Trafc delay is a critical
factor afecting bus travel time performance [1, 2]. As trafc
in cities grows, trafc congestion will cause a rise in the
number of transit vehicles required to maintain headway
and, therefore, an increase in the operation costs [3]. Te
increase in travel time for transit users will also result in
ridership loss [2].
Advances in big data availability provide much potential to
improve our understanding of trafc impacts on bus travel time
[4]. Tis paper proposes a new methodology for calculating the
delay in bus travel time due to general trafc, bus ridership, and
accumulated rainfall. Furthermore, the methodology determines
the bus user time savings that the implementation of a dedicated
or exclusive bus lane (DBL) can generate. An accurate evaluation
of these savings can only be made in before•and•after studies, but
an estimation of its value is necessary for planning purposes.
Analytical methods based on trafc theory or simulation studies
can be used, but the proposed methodology, which has general
applicability and is based on automatically collected big data
sources, allows estimation for each corridor or street section
employing real performance information in local conditions and
confgurations.
Tis methodology provides data on the efect of mixed
trafc on the transit travel time and, consequently, on bus
user time. Similarly, it quantifes the estimated savings and
Hindawi
Journal of Advanced Transportation
Volume 2023, Article ID 4082587, 15 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4082587