ORIGINAL ARTICLE
‘I have anxiety, but I have values and preferences’
Experiences of users with generalized anxiety
disorder: A qualitative study
Mar ıa M. Hurtado,
1
Amelia Villena,
2
Amanda Vega,
1
Gisela Amor,
1
Clara G omez
3
and Jos e Miguel Morales-Asencio
4
1
Mental Health Unit, Regional University Hospital, M alaga,
2
Mental Health Unit, Valle de los Pedroches Hospital,
Pozoblanco,
3
Badalona Care Services, Barcelona, and
4
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of M alaga, M alaga,
Spain
ABSTRACT: To understand the experience and perceptions of people diagnosed with generalized
anxiety disorder, along the whole process and their role through the decision-making process for
their treatment. A qualitative study through focus groups composed of people diagnosed with
generalized anxiety disorder was carried out. Content analysis was carried out to explore the most
representative issues. Five thematic categories were identified: onset of the disorder, symptoms
and course; daily life with the disorder; coping with the disorder; demand of healthcare for
anxiety, and treatment options and decision-making. Most of the patients reported physical
symptoms of anxiety. The majority of participants perceived little social support from their
environment and occupational interferences. Coping seems to differ among participant that have
recovered or not recovered. The involvement of users with generalized anxiety disorder was
scarce, and pharmacological treatment was always the first option offered. There is scarce
orientation to elicit preferences and values of patients across the process of care for people with
generalized anxiety disorder. The consequence is a biased predisposition of the healthcare system
to provide pharmacological treatment as the first option and ignore the perspective of patients on
how to cope with their illness.
KEY WORDS: anxiety disorders, patient-centred care, qualitative research.
INTRODUCTION
Anxiety disorders are one of the most common mental
illnesses, overcoming mood disorders, impulse control
disorders and substance abuse. Nevertheless, there are
important differences among countries: according to
DSM-5, the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder
(GAD) ranges from 5% in high-income countries to
1.6% in low-income countries, with a lifetime preva-
lence of 3.7%. Comorbidities across the lifespan are
very common (around 80%), and it has an important
impact on daily functioning in half of the affected sub-
jects (Ruscio et al. 2017). GAD is characterized by an
excessive, constant and uncontrollable worry about var-
ious topics, usually related to circumstances of daily
Correspondence: Mar ıa M. Hurtado, UGC Salud Mental, Hospi-
tal Regional Universitario of M alaga, M alaga 29009, Spain. Email:
marienahurtado@gmail.com
Authorship statement: All authors listed meet the authorship cri-
teria according to the latest guidelines of the International Com-
mittee of Medical Journal Editors and are in agreement with the
manuscript.
Declaration of conflict of interest: The authors declare no con-
flict of interest.
Mar ıa M. Hurtado, CP, PhD.
Amelia Villena, CP.
Amanda Vega, CP.
Gisela Amor, CP.
Clara G omez, CP.
Jos e Miguel Morales-Asencio, B.Sc, PhD.
Accepted December 15 2019.
© 2020 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.
International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2020) , – doi: 10.1111/inm.12690