RESEARCH ARTICLE
Optoelectronically active luminescent valine-substituted
perylene diimide: structure-property correlation via
spectroscopic and density functional approaches
Geeta Durga | Vinay K. Verma | Richa Tomar | Roopali Prajapati |
Vishakha Chauhan | Nikhil Aggarwal
Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences
and Research, Sharda University, Greater
Noida, India
Correspondence
Nikhil Aggarwal, Department of
Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of
Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda
University, Greater Noida 201306, India.
Email: vedmecum@gmail.com
Abstract
In literature, the applicability of solution-phase perylene diimides (PDIs) semi-
conductors are limited due to their restricted solubility in solvents. In contrast,
we synthesized a highly soluble and novel valine-functionalized PDI derivative
(perylene diimide diacid, PDIDA) whose optical and electrical properties were
carefully assessed by experimental and density functional approaches. Notably,
on valine substitution, the ultraviolet-visible absorption band centered at
524 nm was attributed to the predominant HOMO à LUMO electronic transi-
tion (weighing coefficient = 99 %). Interestingly, the nonuniform variation (W-
shaped) in absorption energy for HOMO à LUMO electronic transition in
PDIDA with solvent dielectric constant was experimentally witnessed. The lat-
ter was computationally attributed to the more S
1
stabilization over S
o
solvent
stabilization, particularly in ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Further-
more, upon 525 nm excitation, the maximum fluorescence emission was
observed at 533 nm with photoluminescence quantum yield as high as 0.77.
Interestingly, similar to absorption studies, pronounced influence of solvent
polarity was evident on the emission maximum particularly in ethanol and
DMSO. Subsequently, electrochemical investigation proved that the PDIDA
sustained the intrinsic n-type semiconductivity with a dielectric constant (ε
r
)
5, a current of 0.54 mA at 5 V, and an electrical conductivity of 1.88 × 10
-5
Sm
-1
. Owing to the above remarkable properties of the synthesized PDIDA, it
holds potential applications in photovoltaics, fluorescence-based detectors and
n-type channel field effect transistors, and so forth.
KEYWORDS
electrical behavior, frontier molecular orbital, photoluminescence quantum yield, valine-
functionalized perylene diimides
ABBREVIATIONS: DFT, density functional theory; FTO, fluorine-doped tin oxide; IEFPCM, integral equation formalism-polarized continuum
model; PCM, polarization continuum model; PDIDA, perylene diimide diacid; PDIs, perylene diimides; PLQY, photoluminescence quantum yield;
TDM, transition dipole moment.
Received: 22 January 2020 Accepted: 16 May 2020
DOI: 10.1002/poc.4095
J Phys Org Chem. 2020;e4095. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/poc © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 1 of 11
https://doi.org/10.1002/poc.4095