International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ISSN - 0975 - 7058 Vol 13, Special Issue 1, 2021 DEVELOPMENT OF SUNSCREEN PRODUCTS CONTAINING GREEN TEA LEAF EXTRACT SETYO NURWAINI 1 *, LITA ALIANTI 1 , DHIAH AYU PERMATA SARI 1 , WAHYU UTAMI 2 1 Laboratorium of Pharmaceutical, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 57169, Indonesia. 2 Laboratorium of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 57169, Indonesia. *Email: setyo.nurwaini@ums.ac.id Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine antioxidant activity of green tea leaf extract, the value of sun protection factor (SPF), physical properties, and stability of green tea cream. Methods: Green tea leaf extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. Cream was prepared in three formulas with various concentration of the green tea leaves extract. The physical evaluations included organoleptic, pH, viscosity, adhesion, spreadability, and stability tests were done. The determination of the SPF value is calculated using the Mansur equation. Extract of green tea leaf has strong antioxidant activity (IC 50 2.19 µg/ml). Results: The green tea leaf extract showed high antioxidant activity (2.19 µg/m). All formulas are organoleptically creamy brownish-green to brown, with a distinctive green tea odor and homogeneous. All formulas met the requirements of physical properties of cream. The creams showed significant change while they were stored at 4°C and at 40±2°C, but showed no difference when they were stored ad 26°C. SPF values of cream are 0.54; 2.03, and 2.41, respectively. Conclusions: It is clearly indicated that the sunscreen cream of green tea leaf extract is potential to be further developed as cosmetic preparations. Keywords: Camellia sinensis L., Cream, Sunscreen, Antioxidant. INTRODUCTION Sunscreen serves to protect skin from ultraviolet (UV) radiation by absorbing or reflecting radiation so as to reduce the effects of skin damage due to sun exposure. At present, attention to natural active ingredients is increasing [1,2]. Green tea leaves are plants that are popular throughout the world. Indonesia is the 7 th tea producer in the world in 2015 [3]. Usually, tea leaf is brewed to drink. In addition, the leaves of this plant are also used for cosmetics. Green tea leaf extract in cosmetic preparations can protect the skin from UV damage and aging of the skin [4]. Catechin compounds contained in green tea are polyphenol substance [5]. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants and are generally involved in defense against UV radiation or aggression by pathogens [6]. The catechin compounds found in green tea are 2-epicatechin (EC), EGC, (2)-EC-3- gallate, and epigallocatechin (EGCG) [7]. EGCG is the main polyphenol contained in green tea which has an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant function [8]. Green tea leaves are a potential antioxidant with IC 50 of 3.17µg/ml [9]. These antioxidant compounds provide absorption at the wavelength of the UV B area (290–320 nm) so that they can be used as active ingredients for sunscreen. Its UV protection efficacy and potent antioxidant activity are resulting synergistic effect in photoaging protection. Sunscreen preparations can contain both physical photo protective ingredients, and chemistry. Physical photoprotective materials such as titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and zinc oxide works by reflecting or scattering UV light while photoprotective chemical substances such as p-amino benzoic acid (PABA), PABA esters, cinnamic, salicylate, antranylate, oxybenzone, benzophenone, and phenolic compounds work by absorbing light UV so it does not get into the skin [10]. Green tea extract with a concentration of 18.1 mg% had an SPF value of 5.87 [11] so that it could be used as a sunscreen. A cream preparation is an effort to increase the usage of green tea. Cream is very suitable for skin care because it is an easy to use, soothing, moisturizing, and easy to penetrate the skin so as to provide the desired effect in healing. Cream of green tea leaf extract with the addition of 1% Vitamin C has a higher antioxidant activity compared to green tea leaf extract cream with the addition of 1% Vitamin E [12]. Another research proved that preparations of green tea with 1–4% green tea extract and 5% TiO 2 have relatively good physical stability [13]. METHODS Reagents Dried green tea leaves are obtained from PT. Rumpun Sari Kemuning), ethanol 96%, cetyl alcohol, paraffin oil, methylparaben, propylparaben, stearic acid, cera alba, glycerine, tween 80, and span 80, all are pharmaceutical grade from PT. Brataco Chemica; potassium dihydrogen phosphate (Merck), 1,1-dipehnyl-2picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) (Sigma Aldrich), absolute EtOH (Merck), and sodium hydroxide (Merck). Green tea leaf extracts preparation Extraction was done by maceration using 96% ethanol. A total of 500 g of green tea powder were extracted using 2 L 96% ethanol. It was stirred continuously for 3 h, and then allowed to stand for 18 h. The macerate was filtered using a Buchner funnel and then evaporated using a vacuum rotary evaporator (IKA RV 10) and evaporated on a waterbath (Memmert) at 60°C until thick extracts formed. Antioxidant activity of green tea leaf extract The measurement of antioxidant activity with DPPH radical scavenging method is based on the ability of a sample to react with radical DPPH on wavelength 517 nm. A total of 1.0 ml of DPPH solution (0.5 Mm) was put into a test tube, then added with 50 µl of various Full Proceeding Paper © 2021 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons. org/ licenses/by/4.0/) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2021.v13s1.Y0085. Journal homepage: https://innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ijap Received 10 January 2020, Revised and accepted 31 Febuary 2020 ABSTRACT 5 th International Conference on Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science (ICPPS) 2020