Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results ¦ Volume 13 ¦ Issue 4 ¦ 2022 364 Assessment of Some Physiological Parameters and Trace Elements in Covid 19 Patients, Iraq Enas Abdul Kareem Jabbar 1 , Ahmed Salman Abdulhasan 2 , Afrah Abid Maktoof 3 1 Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Nursing, University of Thi Qar, Iraq. 2,3 Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Thi Qar, Iraq. 1 dr.enaskareem_bio@sci.utq.edu.iq, 2 ahmad.sal_bio@sci.utq.edu.iq, 3 afrah.m_bio@sci.utq.edu.iq The current study aims to estimate the number of physiological parameters including (LDH, D-dimer, and ferritin statuses and a some of trace elements (zink and magnesium), as well as demographic criteria such us (age, employment status, and habitation) that are believed to be directly and indirectly related to infection with prognosis in Iraqi COVID-19 patients, In the current study, a significant increase in LDH, -D- dimer and ferritin (613.34 ± 203.62, 666.76 ± 157.36, 596.81 ± 146.66) was observed in patients with Covid-19 compared to healthy people (150.10 ± 27.42, 191.45 ± 58.82, 198.92 ± 63.85), In addition to a significant decrease in the percentage of oxygen (86.64 ± 3.42) for patients with Covid 19, As for the trace elements, a significant decrease in zinc and magnesium (65.39 ± 6.04, 1.53 ± 0.10) was observed for patients with Covid-19 compared to healthy people (94.42 ± 12.73, 2.09 ± 0.23). As for age, it was noted in this study that the 40-69 age group is the most affected (59 %), as well as the employment status it was noted that employees are the most vulnerable to the disease, and that those who live in cities are the most affected by Covid 19, as conclusion that age, functional status, and area of residence are risk factors affecting infection with Covid-19, and that measuring oxygen saturation, LDH, D- dimer and ferritin are good specific parameters for determining infection and for knowing the severity of the disease in addition to measuring the trace elements that have a direct and indirect role in infection with covid 19 and the deterioration of the patient’s heal th condition Keywords: Trace Elements, Zink, Zn, Magnesium, Mg, Covid 19, D.dimer, Frrritin. Received date: 14 August 2022 Accepted: 18 September, 2022 Published: 07 October, 2022 DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.04.044 INTRODUCTION COVID-19 initially surfaced in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and is currently deemed an international community health crisis. The SARS-CoV-2 genome is made up of a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus connected to a nucleoprotein inside a capsid that also contains medium protein in addition to containing of coronaviruse to hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) protein (Jiang et al., 2020, Khaerunnisa et al., 2020). Coronaviruses have produced three significant epidemics in humans: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-2003), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-2012), and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-2013). In addition to Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV 2) ((Morfeld et al., 2021). High temperature, head pain, cough, gastrointestinal signs such as diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal discomfort, and dyspnea are common clinical manifestations of the illness, There are many physiological and biochemical factors that are considered evidence of infection with the Corona virus, even if symptoms are not present, and the most important of them are Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a kind of enzyme that breaks down Because its increase has previously been connected to the worst instances of other viral infection (C. Y. Chen et al., 2005) substantial variations in LDH have been recommended among COVID-19 patients with and without cruel symptoms (B. M. Henry et al., 2020). D-Dimer is another significant physiological marker, increase of D-dimer concentration has been recommended in patients with COVID-19 because it is one of the approaches to assess the thrombotic status, as various researches have demonstrated coagulation in cruel cases of COVID-19 patients (N. Tang et al., 2020) Ferritin blood problems show to be of limited indicative value in both SARS and MERS, where no change in ferritin levels have been recorded or not examined or not recorded and, While serum ferritin, on the other hand, has been proposed as an important key indicative markers in COVID- 19 (K. Kappert et al., 2020) In severe forms of COVID19, pneumonia, lymphocytopenia, lymphocyte exhaustion, and cytokine storm syndrome are characterized by increased plasma levels of cytokines (IL2, IL7, and IL10), granulocyte Original Article Abstract