Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 88, Issue 1 (2021) 149-165 149 Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences Journal homepage: https://semarakilmu.com.my/journals/index.php/fluid_mechanics_thermal_sciences/index ISSN: 2289-7879 CFD Analysis on Effect of Angulation in A Healthy Abdominal Aorta-Renal Artery Junction Pranav Hegde 1 , Gowrava Shenoy B 1,* , S M Abdul Khader 1 , Raghuvir Pai B 1 , Srikanth Rao D 1 , Masaaki Tamagawa 2 , Ravindra Prabhu 3 , Nitesh Kumar 1 , Kamarul Arifin Ahmad 4 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India 2 Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Sciences and System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan 3 Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India 4 Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Received 23 April 2021 Received in revised form 19 August 2021 Accepted 25 August 2021 Available online 21 October 2021 The recent developments in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be useful in observing the detailed haemodynamics in renal artery bifurcation for clinical evaluation and treatment. The present study focuses on haemodynamic behaviour of blood as it flows through the abdominal aorta-renal artery junction in an idealistic healthy artery with varying bifurcation angles to the abdominal aorta, i.e. from 30° to 90° with increments of 15°. This is to examine the effect of angulation on the junction and to determine whether arterial geometry plays a role in the prediction of atherosclerotic lesions. The three-dimensional models used in this study were generated using ANSYS WORKBENCH 19.0, and numerical simulation was done using FLUENT 19.0 solver. The blood flow is assumed to be Newtonian, incompressible and laminar. Haemodynamic parameters such as velocity, wall pressure and wall shear stress along with flow variation are compared among the different models. As the angulation increased, velocity and wall shear stress at the ostial region decreased by 14% and 52% respectively. Wall pressure at the same region saw an increase by 3%. Therefore, renal arteries with higher bifurcating angles to the abdominal aorta were observed to be more prone to the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. The present study is a precursor for future studies on renal artery with stenosis. Keywords: Renal artery bifurcation; haemodynamics; newtonian flow; flow recirculation; computational fluid dynamics 1. Introduction Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death. CVDs are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels and include coronary heart diseases, rheumatic disease and other conditions. The World Health Organization (WHO) conducted a survey which shows that over 15 million people in the world suffer from stroke every year [1]. Of those 15 million, 66% of them die, and the remaining thirty-four per cent are permanently disabled; the primary reason being * Corresponding author. E-mail address: gowravshenoyb@gmail.com https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.88.1.149165