International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies ISSN 2028-9324 Vol. 18 No. 1 Oct. 2016, pp. 228-236 © 2016 Innovative Space of Scientific Research Journals http://www.ijias.issr-journals.org/ Corresponding Author: J. BOUZID 228 Incidence de la Leishmaniose cutanée dans la préfecture de Meknès au centre du Maroc: Etude rétrospective de 56 cas colligés entre 2009 et 2013 [ Incidence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis In Meknes Prefecture (Centre of Morocco): A retrospective study of 56 cases collected between 2009 and 2013 ] H. EL OMARI 1 , A. CHAHLAOUI 1 , J. BOUZID 1-2 , and A. EL OUALI LALAMI 2 1 Equipe Gestion et valorisation des ressources naturelles, Laboratoire Santé et environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Moulay Ismail, Meknès, Maroc 2 Institut Supérieur des Professions Infirmières et Techniques de Santé Fès, Annexe Meknès, Meknès, Maroc Copyright © 2016 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT: The cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector of parasitic disease which is transmitted via a dipterous insect bite, the phlebotomus. It always poses a problem for public health in Morocco and in many countries. It is a widespread pathology that develops under sporadic or endemic form. Having for objective to analyse the epidemiological situation of cutaneous leishmaniasis within Meknes prefecture and to detect the locations that are at risk to transmit this disease. We have offered to conduct a retrospective study of the cutaneous leishmaniasis cases registered at the level of this prefecture all along the period of 2009 through 2013. This research aims to analyse the annual segmentation of the cutaneous leishmaniasis cases according to urban or rural locations as well as the level of incidence by commune and by sectors. Data used is adopted for the epidemiological surveillance inserted in the register of the Epidemiological cell of the prefecture. The studied variables are: the number of cases, the year, the place, and the sector. To collect and to analyse data, we have used excel application. A total of 56 cases are registered by the prefectural cell of epidemiology (EPC) all along the period of 2009 through 2013 among which 56 percent are from the rural areas. 46 percent are from the urban locations. We have equally observed that this pathology spreads in the majority of sectors and locations in the prefecture, with a variable scale of incidence depending on the years. A predominance of the rural sectors :( DKHISSA and Wallili) is noted. In addition, to some urban sectors: (Sidi Amer, Ras Aghil) to take the case 2012 incidence: in respect to the following data : 65.1 ;59.1;23.64; 9.49. These findings are worth reconsideration by other studies in order to determine the ecology and dynamics of the population vector of this disease within range of the main locations of this prefecture. KEYWORDS: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Epidemiological surveillance, Incidence, Vectors, Parasites, Meknes prefecture, Morocco. RÉSUMÉ: La leishmaniose cutanée est une maladie parasitaire se transmettant par la piqûre du phlébotome. Elle constitue un problème de santé publique dans plusieurs pays. Au Maroc, elle sévit sous forme sporadique ou endémique. La présente étude, rétrospective, a pour buts d’analyser la situation épidémiologique à Meknès de cette maladie et de repérer les localités à risque entre 2009 et 2013. Elle vise à analyser l’incidence et la répartition spatio-temporelle des cas de leishmaniose cutanée. Les données utilisées sont celles de la surveillance épidémiologique colligées dans les registres de la Cellule Préfectorale d’Epidémiologie. Les variables étudiées sont : le nombre de cas, l’année, le milieu et le secteur. Le logiciel Excel est utilisé pour le traitement des données. De 2009 à 2013, 56 cas ont été enregistrés par la cellule préfectorale d’épidémiologie. Les milieux rural et urbain representent respectivement 54% et 46% des cas. Cette pathologie se propage