Materials science communication
Structural and morphological evaluation of RuePd bimetallic
nanocrystals
Xianfeng Ma
a, c
, Rui Lin
a
, Robert Y. Ofoli
a
, Zhi Mei
b, **
, James E. Jackson
c, *
a
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
b
Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
c
Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
highlights graphical abstract
1. Polyol reduction method generates
well-controlled RuePd alloy
nanocrystals.
Ru precursor types play a significant
role in tuning particle morphology
and structures.
Pd to Ru precursor molar ratio con-
trols final particle size and
composition.
RuePd bimetallic nanocrystals
display alloyed structures over full
composition space.
article info
Article history:
Received 6 March 2015
Received in revised form
20 October 2015
Accepted 2 February 2016
Available online xxx
Keywords:
Alloys
Nanostructures
Chemical synthesis
Crystal growth
Energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDS or
EDAX)
Electron microscopy (STEM, TEM and SEM)
abstract
RuePd bimetallic nanocrystals are successfully synthesized via a facile polyol co-reduction method. The
resulting nanocrystals show spheres, triangular nanoplates, decahedra, nanorods, and irregular shapes. A
combination of Pd
II
and Ru
III
precursors tends to yield RuePd bimetallic nanocrystals of higher shape
monodispersity than those from Pd
II
and Ru
II
precursors. The mole ratio between Ru and Pd components
in the precursor solution also plays a key role in determining the size/shape distribution of the nano-
crystals, with higher Pd/Ru ratios generating products of more uniform size. Elemental analyses and
electron microscopy studies suggest that the obtained nanocrystals have alloyed structures over the full
composition space and that they form through either monomer addition or coalescence mechanisms.
© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
Bimetallic nanostructures have attracted great interest for their
electronic, optical, and chemical properties which may be distinct
from those of either of their pure constituent metals [1e6]. Control
over composition, morphology, and structure of bimetallic nano-
crystals is desirable as these factors dictate their properties and
function.
Bimetallic nanocrystal structures may be generally categorized
as hetero, core/shell, and alloyed [7,8], and have traditionally been
prepared by gaseous or solid state methods [9,10], which require
harsh or complicated synthesis conditions with poor control of final
crystal composition and structure. However, several controllable
* Corresponding author.
** Corresponding author.
E-mail addresses: zmei@chem.wayne.edu (Z. Mei), jackson@chemistry.msu.edu
(J.E. Jackson).
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Materials Chemistry and Physics
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/matchemphys
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2016.02.003
0254-0584/© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Materials Chemistry and Physics xxx (2016) 1e6
Please cite this article in press as: X. Ma, et al., Structural and morphological evaluation of RuePd bimetallic nanocrystals, Materials Chemistry
and Physics (2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2016.02.003