Research Article High Carbohydrate High Fat Diet Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Dyslipidemia Were Ameliorated by Psidium guajava Leaf Powder Supplementation in Rats Md. Abdullah Al Mamun, Md. Faruk, Md. Mizanur Rahman, Kamrun Nahar, Fariha Kabir, Md Ashraful Alam , and Nusrat Subhan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bangladesh Correspondence should be addressed to Md Ashraful Alam; sonaliagun@yahoo.com and Nusrat Subhan; rimmi04@yahoo.com Received 30 September 2018; Revised 15 November 2018; Accepted 27 December 2018; Published 3 February 2019 Academic Editor: Evan P. Cherniack Copyright © 2019 Md. Abdullah Al Mamun et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Psidium guajava leaf is reported to contain many bioactive polyphenols which play an important role in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Our investigation aimed to study the efect of Psidium guajava leaf powder supplementation on obesity and liver status by using experimental rats. To study the efects of guava leaf supplementation in high fat diet induced obesity, rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=7), control (group I), control + guava leaf (group II), HCHF (group III), and HCHF + guava leaf (group IV). At the end of the experimental period (56 days), glucose intolerance, liver enzymes activities, antioxidant enzymes activities, and lipid and cholesterol profles were evaluated. Our results revealed that guava leaf powder supplementation showed a signifcant reduction in fat deposition in obese rats. Moreover, liver enzyme functions were increased in high fat diet fed rats compared to the control rats signifcantly which were further ameliorated by guava leaf powder supplementation in high fat diet fed rats. High fat diet feeding also decreased the antioxidant enzyme functions and increased the lipid peroxidation products compared to the control rats. Guava leaf powder supplementation in high fat diet fed rats reduced the oxidative stress markers and reestablished antioxidant enzyme system in experimental animals. Guava leaf powder supplementation in high fat diet fed rats also showed a relative decrease in infammatory cells infltration and collagen deposition in the liver compared to the high fat diet fed rats. Te present study suggests that the supplementation of guava leaf powder prevents obesity, improves glucose intolerance, and decreases infammation and oxidative stress in liver of high carbohydrate high fat diet fed rats. 1. Introduction Due to the changes in lifestyle and social and economic conditions, nowadays obesity is a global epidemic problem afecting both developing and developed nations [1, 2]. Te prevalence of obesity is increasing throughout the world’s population [3]. It is a chronic, multifactorial, and complex disease in which both genetic and environmental factors are involved [4]. It can reduce overall quality of life and lead to premature death. It may cause a wide array of health prob- lems, such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, musculoskeletal disorders, sleep problems, and even some cancers [5]. Obesity is found to exacerbate some infammatory pathways. Low-grade infammation is associated with obesity which is an important mechanism to decrease insulin sensibility in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle [6]. Obesity causes excessive growth of adipose depots with adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia [7]. Tis fat overload leads to an activation of infammatory pathways and develops cellular insulin resistance [8]. Higher body weight increases the efort of movement, causing stress on the heart and muscles. Studies have showed a connection between intramyocellular lipid accumulation and reduced insulin mediated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle [9]. During insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, accumulation of intramyocellular lipid and infammation impairs the insulin mediated glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle [10]. Glucose transport and glycogen synthesis are impaired, resulting in a reduced efciency of glucose uptake and increased blood glucose delivered to the liver [11]. During hepatic insulin Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2019, Article ID 1897237, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1897237