Nuclear Instruments and Methods 204 (1982) 65-72 65
North-Holland Publishing Company
EXPERIENCES WITH A PROPORTIONAL INCLINED CHAMBER AT THE EUROPEAN
HYBRID SPECTROMETER
Alessandro BETTINI, Donatella PASCOLI and Pierluigi ZO'ITO
lstituto di Fisica dell'UniversitgJ and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35100 Padova, Italy
Manfred PERNICKA
Institut fiir Hoehenergiephysik, Osterreichisehe Akademie der Wissenschaften, Nikolsdorfergasse 18, 1050 Vienna, Austria
Received 8 April 1982
A new detector of ionizing particles, the Proportional Inclined Chamber, is described. The detector provides a resolution better than
100 p,m in the measured coordinate, independent in first approximation of drift velocity variations. It has good, about 300 btm
two-track resolution and gives a rough measurement of the angle of the track with a resolution of about 1°. Results obtained with PIC
in physics experiments at the European Hybrid Spectrometer are reported.
1. Introduction
PIC is a multiwire proportional chamber inclined
with respect to the average direction of the tracks.
When the angle a between the normal to the chamber
and the line of flight of a particle increases, its track in
the chamber is projected on an increasing number of
sense wires [1]. Fig. 1 shows a sketch of the lines of field
in a section of the chamber perpendicular to the wires;
the electrons produced by ionization drift in a first
approximation along the field lines with saturated veloc-
ity and we detect the first electron reaching each wire.
To help the reader to understand the situation we
display in fig. 1 the shortest path for each cell (i.e. for
each sense wire). The number N of wires affected by the
passage of the particle is an increasing function of the
inclination angle a and of the gap width G, and a
decreasing function of the pitch d of the sense wires. By
measuring the drift times of the first electron reaching
each wire, we obtain N measurements of the sense wire
signals times in respect to the track time.
Due to the redundancy of information obtained, that
allows one to calibrate the chamber with only internal
information, the main advantages of PIC are the follow-
ing:
a) It provides good resolution, better than 100 /zm in
one coordinate plane, improving when the angle of
the track with the normal increases. This is not only
due to the increase in the number of hit wires, but
also to the decrease of the fluctuations of the drift
times due to the statistics of the primary ionization
acts.
b) The impact point measurement is at first order inde- Fig. 1. Drift paths of the first electrons.
0167-5087/82/0000-0000/$02.75 © 1982 North-Holland