Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, 2021, Vol 12, 410–416
doi:10.1093/jphsr/rmab030
Research Paper
Advance Access publication 2 July 2021
410
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Research Paper
Impact of pharmacist intervention on
antidepressant medication adherence and
disease severity in patients with major
depressive disorder in fragile north-east Nigeria
Hadiza Yusuf
1,
*
,
, Mohammed G. Magaji
2
, Bilkisu B. Maiha
2
,
Sani I. Yakubu
1
, Wazis C. Haruna
3
and Shafu Mohammed
4,5
1
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Maiduguri,
Maiduguri, Nigeria
2
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University,
Zaria, Nigeria
3
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria,
4
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello
University, Zaria, Nigeria
5
Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
*Correspondence: Hadiza Yusuf, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, University of Maiduguri,
P.M.B. 1069, Bama road, Maiduguri, Borno State, 600230, Nigeria. Tel: +234-7036901906; Email: hadizayusuf3@gmail.com
Received December 24, 2020; Accepted May 24, 2021.
Abstract
Objectives Medication adherence is emerging as a major public health challenge particularly in
patients with depression. The aim of this study was to explore the usefulness of a pharmacist inter-
vention to improve antidepressant medication adherence and disease severity in patients with
major depressive disorder.
Methods This prospective interventional study was conducted between April 2019 and March 2020
among 101 patients at the Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria. Consenting patients
were randomised into usual care or intervention groups using a computer-generated list. Data were
collected at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Medication adherence and depression severity were
assessed using the Medication Adherence Rating Scale and Beck Depression Inventory respectively.
Key fndings At baseline, both the usual care and intervention groups had low mean scores for
medication adherence [5.22 (SD = 1.51) versus 5.46 (SD = 1.46)] and high mean scores for de-
pression severity [24.16 (SD = 13.50) versus 27.07 (SD = 16.12)]. At 6 months, there was a signif-
cant difference (P < 0.001) between the mean medication adherence scores of 5.22 (SD = 1.90)
and 9.15 (SD = 1.62), in the usual care and intervention groups respectively. A signifcant differ-
ence (P = 0.033) was also observed at 6 months between the mean depression severity scores
of the usual care and intervention groups [21.40 (SD = 11.52) and 17.34 (SD = 6.96)]. Medication
adherence (P < 0.001, Partial eta squared = 0.279) and depression severity (P < 0.001, Partial eta
squared = 0.170) positively changed with time in the presence of the intervention.
Conclusions The intervention signifcantly improved antidepressant medication adherence and
disease severity in patients with major depressive disorder.
Keywords: medication adherence; depression severity; pharmacist's intervention; major depressive disorder; Nigeria
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