© 2016 Sweya et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.
php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work
you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For
permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics 2016:7 109–115
Adolescent Health, Medicine and Terapeutics Dovepress
submit your manuscript | www.dovepress.com
Dovepress
109
OriginAl reseArcH
open access to scientific and medical research
Open Access Full Text Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S108531
contraceptive knowledge, sexual behavior, and
factors associated with contraceptive use among
female undergraduate university students in
Kilimanjaro region in Tanzania
Mussa n sweya
1
sia e Msuya
2,3
Michael J Mahande
2
rachel Manongi
1,3
1
community Health Department,
Kilimanjaro christian Medi cal
University college,
2
Department
of epidemiology and Biostatistics,
inst itute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro
christian Medi cal University,
3
community Health Department,
Kilimanjaro christian Medi cal
centre, Moshi, Tanzania
Background: Previous studies have shown that knowledge of contraceptives, especially among
the youth in universities, remains limited, and the rate of premarital sexual activity, unwanted
pregnancies, and illegal abortions remains higher among university students. This study aimed
to assess contraceptive knowledge, sexual behavior, and factors associated with contraceptive
use among female undergraduate university students in Kilimanjaro region in Tanzania.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from May to June 2015 among under-
graduate female students in four universities in Kilimanjaro region. A self-administered questionnaire
was given to the participants. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social
Sciences. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. An odds ratio with 95% confi-
dence interval for factors associated with modern contraceptive use was computed using multiple
logistic regression models. A P-value of <5% (two-tailed) was considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 401 students were involved in the study. Two-thirds (260, 64.8%) of the
participants had had sexual intercourse. The majority (93.8%) of the participants had knowl-
edge of contraception. One hundred and seventy-five (43.6%) sexually active women reported
that they used contraceptives in the past, while 162 (40.4%) were current contraceptive users.
More than half (54.2%) of the sexually active group started sexual activity between the ages
of 20–24 years. The most popular methods of contraception used were condoms, withdrawal,
and periodic abstinence. The main sources of information about contraception were friends,
television, and health care workers (44.8%, 40.3%, and 39.0%, respectively).
Conclusion: Most of the participants had knowledge of contraception. However, the rate of
contraceptive use was low. The majority of the respondents were sexually active and started
sexual activity at >18 years of age. Hence, advocacy for adolescent reproductive health education
to promote the use of the available contraceptive services among university students is needed.
Keywords: knowledge, contraception, utilization, university students, Tanzania
Background
It is estimated that the global population will increase by 2.5 billion over the next
43 years, from the current 6.7 billion to 9.2 billion in 2050.
1
This rapid population
growth may pose a burden on resource-limited health care settings particularly in many
developing countries. Fast population growth may also compromise economic develop-
ment and political stability. Therefore, controlling population growth is an important
component in the overall developmental goal of improving living standards and the
quality of life and social well-being of the people.
2
Family planning helps couples to
correspondence: Michael J Mahande
Department of epidemiology and
Biostatistics, institute of Public Health,
Kilimanjaro christian Medical University,
PO Box 2240, Moshi, Kilimanjaro,
Tanzania
email jmmahande@gmail.com
Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics downloaded from https://www.dovepress.com/ by 3.235.21.12 on 23-May-2020
For personal use only.
1 / 1