Psychological Reports, 2006,99,930-932. O Psychological Reports 2006 EVIDENCE OF RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY FOR THE UNIVERSAL ORIENTATION SCALE ' ADELHEID A. M. NICOL AND KATHLEEN BOIES The Royal Milita y College of Canada Concordia University Summary.-The relationships of Universal Orientation with Right-Wing Authori- tarianism and Social Dominance Orientation were examined in two studies. Under- graduate students from various universities completed three measures. 3 14 participated in Study 1 and 461 participated in Study 2. Scores on the Universal Orientation scale correlated weakly with those on the Right-Wing Authoritarianism scale (r = -.I4 for both samples) and moderately with the Social Dominance Orientation scale (r = -.50 for Sample 1 and r = -36 for Sample 2). Low Cronbach alphas for the Universal Ori- entation scale (a= .68 for the first sample and a= .60 for the second sample) suggest the scale requires revision. The Universal Orientation scale is a recently developed test that mea- sures nonprejudice by assessing the extent to which respondents perceive similarities between themselves and other people (Phillips & Ziller, 1997). In- dividuals who score high on this orientation are expected to judge minority groups to be more similar to themselves, judge them as being more attrac- tive, and be more accepting of others than individuals who score low. The measure correlated negatively with various indices of prejudice and showed a Cronbach alpha of .76. There are no subsequent studies on the reliability and validity of the Universal Orientation scale. In this research scores on the Universal Orientation scale were corre- lated with the Social Dominance Orientation (Pratto, Sidanius, Stallworth, & Malle, 1994) and the Right-Wing Authoritarianism (Altemeyer, 1981) mea- sures. Both Social Dominance Orientation and Right-Wing Authoritarianism scales have been good indicators of prejudice (e.g., Peterson, Doty, & Win- ter, 1993; Altemeyer, 1998; Lippa & Arad, 1999; Snellman & Ekehammar, 2005). Both measures are weakly correlated with each other and the con- structs on which they are based are thought to be distinct and to have dif- ferent origins (Altemeyer , 1998; Sidanius, Pratto, van Laar , & Levin, 2004). Social Dominance Orientation is based upon Social Dominance Theory which suggests that people form hierarchies between groups given individual and structural factors (Sidanius, et al., 2004). Social Dominance Orientation is a measure of a person's preference for group dominance as opposed to 'Address corres ondence to Adelheid A. M. Nicol, Military Psychology and Leadership Depart- ment, Royal Mifitary Coliege of Canada, P.O. Box 17000, Station Forces, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7K 7B4.