* Corresponding author. Tel.: 9645444766 ;
E-mail address: soniyasr04@gmail.com
2214-7853 © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and/or Peer-review under responsibility of International Conference on Advances in Materials, Manufacturing and
Applied Sciences
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirect
Materials Today: Proceedings 16 (2019) 784–791 www.materialstoday.com/proceedings
ICAMMAS17
Assessment Of Radiological Consequence Of Radioactivity
In Monazite Beach Sand In South West Coastal Region In
Southern India
S.R. Soniya
a*
, S. Monica
a
, A.K Visnu Prasad
a
, P.J. Jojo
a
a
Center for Advanced Research in Physical Sciences, Department of Physics,Fatima Mata National College (Autonomous),
Kollam, Kerala 691001, India
Abstract
The natural radionuclide (
226
Ra,
232
Th and
40
K) contents of sand samples at various locations in Sakthikulangara area in the
south west coastal region of Kerala state have been determined using NaI(Tl) based gamma spectrometric measurement method
and radiation hazard indices in the study area are evaluated. The specific activities of the radionuclides were found to vary from
below detectable level to 32.38 BqKg
-1
, 34.77 BqKg
-1
to 229.30 BqKg
-1
and 20.76 BqKg
-1
to 88.39 BqKg
-1
, respectively for
226
Ra,
232
Th and
40
K. The radium equivalent activity (Ra
eq
) was quite less than the recommended limit of 370BqKg
-1
. The
radiological parameters such as internal and external hazard indices, absorbed dose rate, indoor and outdoor annual effective
dose, alpha index and representative level index were also determined from the estimated value of the specific activity of
226
Ra,
232
Th and
40
K.
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and/or Peer-review under responsibility of International Conference on Advances in Materials, Manufacturing and
Applied Sciences
Keywords: Gamma ray spectrometer; Specific Activity; Radiometric measurements;
1. Introduction
Kerala state in the south west part of India, is separated from the rest of the peninsula by natural geographic
boundaries. The 'Western Ghats' with their rich primeval forests having a high degree of rainfall, form the eastern
boundary and extend from the north to Kanyakumari in the south. The entire western border is caressed by the Arabian
Sea. Between these natural boundaries the narrow strip of land extending from Kasargode in the north to Parasala in the
south lies. Costal tracts in the Kollam district of the state possesses one of the world class deposits of minerals sand.
The heavy mineral sand deposits in Kollam contain an assemblage of Ilmenite, Rutile, Leucoxene, Monazite, Zircon
and Sillimanite. Beach sand in the region has rich Monazite deposits along with other rare earth metals. It arises
generally in minor isolated rock crystal. It has a hardness of 5.0 to 5.5 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness and is
relatively dense, with density about 4.6 to 5.7 gcm
-3
. Monazite is an important ore for thorium lanthanum, and
cerium.