https://doi.org/10.1177/0883911517720813 Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers 1–18 © The Author(s) 2017 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0883911517720813 journals.sagepub.com/home/jbc JOURNAL OF Bioactive and Compatible Polymers Evaluations of clinical-grade bone substitute-combined simvastatin carriers to enhance bone growth: In vitro and in vivo analyses Tien-Ching Lee 1,2,3 , Yan-Hsiung Wang 1,4 , Shih-Hao Huang 1,2 , Chung-Hwan Chen 1,2,3 , Mei-Ling Ho 1,5 , Yin-Chih Fu 1,2,3,6 and Chih-Kuang Wang 1,7 Abstract We demonstrated in a value-added study that the combination of calcium phosphate–based bone substitute (MaxiBone ® bioceramics) and simvastatin/poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (SIMm) carriers which were fabricated by GMP pharmaceutical company and underwent our patterned double-emulsion technique can promote bone growth. The average size distribution of SIMm, the encapsulation efficacy, and the in vitro release profile of simvastatin in SIMm over 14 days were investigated in this study. Based on the results of Alizarin Red S staining and alkaline phosphatase activity, the released simvastatin of SIMm can effectively induce osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (D1 cells). In the non-union fracture model of animal study, the MaxiBone 1 Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 2 Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 3 Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 4 School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 5 Department of Physiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 6 Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 7 Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Corresponding authors: Yin-Chih Fu, Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shi-Chuan 1st Road, San-Ming District, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. Email: microfu@kmu.edu.tw Chih-Kuang Wang, Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shi-Chuan 1st Road, San-Ming District, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. Email: ckwang@kmu.edu.tw 720813JOB 0 0 10.1177/0883911517720813Journal of Bioactive and Compatible PolymersLee et al. research-article 2017 Original Article