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Globalization Impact in Technological Changes towards Electric Drive Efficiency
A. Spahiu, P. Marango
Polytechnic University of Tirana
Electrical Engineering Faculty
Department of Automatic Control
Blvd. Deshmoret e Kombit, 4
Tirana, Albania
aida_spahiu@yahoo.com, petmara@yahoo.com
Abstract: The saving electric energy is an important factor of economic growth, which indicates
sustainable growth of the nation’s economy. The saving electric energy is one of the main priorities of
energy strategy in Albania. One the most important factor there is the efficiency of electric drive. It has
great impact on energy security, local and regional air pollution reduction and environment. Actually,
Albania is on phase of technology changes in all fields, including industry and service sectors. The best
way there is replacement of low efficient electric drive with energy efficient one according to the EU
directives. This replacement brings huge potentials of energy saving and globalization impact to the
country’s economy.
Keywords: efficiency, electric drive, electrical machine, energy saving, pump, variable speed drive
1. INTRODUCTION
During the last century energy consumption increased more
than 5 times. This means that society expenses connected
with extraction, processing and consumption of energy
resources will grow. The tendencies observed in the world for
the last 2-3 decades show the stable decrease of the rate of
energy resources. Civilization tends to be in charge of power
resources thriftily. In the future, the cost of energy will
increase due to environmental problems and limited
resources. The best electrical engineering and electro-
mechanics including search for more economic solutions.
Energy efficiency is on everyone’s mind today. The best
kWh is the one that is saved. The saving electric energy, even
in industrially developed countries, where market economy
keenly responds to any changes of general economic state of
the market, increases involved market expenses of time and
means.
It is often more cost effective to invest in end-user energy
efficiency improvement than in increasing energy supply to
satisfy demand for energy services. Efficiency improvement
has a positive effect on energy security, local and regional air
pollution reduction and employment.
The availability of energy supplies in Albania is one of the
key limitations on economic growth. Although, a high
proportion of electrical energy comes from clean hydro-
power, the inefficient use of energy by industries and service
sectors seems to be one of the largest contributors to air
pollution. Reduction of energy consumption and sustainable
energy use in industrial and service sectors of Albania
through the improvements of energy efficiency is one of the
priorities of Albania included in the National Strategy of
Energy (Albanian Government, 2005).
Albanian is undergoing a wide ranging rehabilitation process
of existing industrial capacities and has to start a new
development and investment cycle (Shalsi. A, 2009). The
implications of these issues are far beyond the sole
implementations of technical solutions and security of energy
supply. A creative approach to the rehabilitation process
including new and innovative energy technologies will bring
additional environmental benefits and impact directly on
country’s ability to compete on the European market. Energy
efficiency improvement will reduce production costs and
consequently make a tangible contribution towards a wide
range of environmental goals and related environmental
effects.
For the most part high power consumption in economy is the
result of using energy wasteful technologies and equipment,
marked losses of energy resources, irrational economy
structure. Energy saving statistics in the world shows the
tendency of accelerations of the consumption rates. Among
energy consumers an electric drive is considered to be the
main one. Quick-growing interest to a variable speed drive
elaboration and its introduction in the systems of thermal
supply, hot and cold water supply of communal economy
derive from this fact. An automated drive market analysis
points out the fact that a variable speed drive based on
induction motor is in the greatest demand. Practicable energy
saving may be provided while changing a non-variable speed
electric drive with induction motor which is used everywhere
for a variable speed drive.
Motor driven systems consume about 65% of industrial
electricity in the European Union. New products and
techniques hold great promise for large electricity savings.
Implementing high efficiency motor driven systems, or
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