The Journal of Antibiotics (2018) 71:575–583 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41429-018-0035-1 ARTICLE Planctopirus hydrillae sp. nov., an antibiotic producing Planctomycete isolated from the aquatic plant Hydrilla and its whole genome shotgun sequence analysis Subhash Yadav 1,3 ● Radha Vaddavalli 1 ● Srinivas Siripuram 1 ● Ramaprasad Veera Venkata Eedara 1 ● Shivani Yadav 2 ● Ojha Rabishankar 1 ● Tushar Lodha 1 ● Sasikala Chintalapati 2 ● VenkataRamana Chintalapati 1 Received: 26 July 2017 / Revised: 5 January 2018 / Accepted: 14 January 2018 / Published online: 21 February 2018 © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to the Japan Antibiotics Research Association 2018 Abstract An antibiotic producing novel Planctomycete strain, designated JC280 T , was isolated from the surface of the plant Hydrilla verticillata collected from an alkaline lake (Buffalo lake), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India. The morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of strain JC280 T were in agreement with the characteristics of the genus Planctopirus. The cell shape was spherical to ovoid and some were tear drop shaped. The cells were Gram-stain-negative divided by budding presenting stalks and rosette formation and were non-sporulating. Crateriform structures with a sub-polar flagellum were observed. Characteristic polyamines were putrescine and spermidine. Diagnostic polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified phospholipid (PL1), unidentified glycolipids (GL1-2), an unidentified aminophospholipid (APL), and an unidentified lipid (L3). Major (>10%) fatty acids were C 16:0 ,C 17:1 ω8c, C 18:1 ω9c, and summed feature-3. Major (88%) respiratory quinone was MK-6 with minor amount (12%) of MK-7. Strain JC280 T showed 99.7% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Planctopirus limnophila DSM 3776 T . To resolve their full taxonomic position, the genome sequence was obtained and compared with the available P. limnophila DSM 3776 T genome. The genome sequence of strain JC280 T was 5,750,243 bp in size with a total of 4490 protein-coding genes, 66 RNA genes, and 2 CRISPR repeats. Based on whole-genome statistics, ANI value, in silico DDH, diversity of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters, distinct physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic differences, strain JC280 T represents a new species in the genus Planctopirus, for which the name Planctopirus hydrillae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JC280 T (=KCTC 42880 T = LMG 29153 T ). Introduction Planctomyces limnophilus belonging to the family Planc- tomycetaceae was described by Hirsch and Muller [1] and later reclassified as a novel genus, Planctopirus limnophila, by Scheuner et al. [2] in 2014. The genus Planctopirus encompasses aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, spherical to ovoid shaped non-sporulating cells with a sub-polar fla- gellum [1, 3]. They also have stalks forming rosette [1, 3]. Characteristic polyamines are putrescine and spermidine [2]. Planctopirus forms complex compartmentalization in the cell and have life cycle with two phases A and B. The sessile mother cells (phase A) at reproductive cell pole produce a small mirror image of the mother cell, those are swarmer (daughter buds) cells. These free-living daughter cell forms are transient while the adult cells are sessile [4]. At the time of manuscript preparation, there was only one These authors contributed equally: Subhash Yadav and Radha Vaddavalli. * Sasikala Chintalapati sasi449@yahoo.ie * VenkataRamana Chintalapati cvr449@gmail.com 1 Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500046, India 2 Bacterial Discovery Laboratory, Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, J. N. T. University, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500085, India 3 Present address: Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Texel, The Netherlands Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41429-018-0035-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 1234567890();,: