Cancer Research Journal 2014; 2(2): 15-17 Published online March 10, 2014 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/crj) doi: 110.11648/j.crj.20140202.11 A aggressive osteosarcoma of mandible with lung metastasis in a 5 year child: A case report Govardhan H. B, Satyajit Pradhan, Rashmi Singh, Prakash Swain, Lalit Agarwal Departments of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, India Email address: hbgovardhan@yahoo.co.in (Govardhan H. B.) To cite this article: Govardhan H. B, Satyajit Pradhan, Rashmi Singh, Prakash Swain, Lalit Agarwal. A Aggressive Osteosarcoma of Mandible with Lung Metastasis in a 5 Year Child: A Case Report. Cancer Research Journal. Vol. 2, No. 2, 2014, pp. 15-17. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.20140202.11 Abstract: Osteosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor whose cancerous cells produce osteoid matrix. It is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, accounting for approximately 20% of the sarcomas, but osteosarcoma of mandible is rare only 5% of the osteosarcomas occur in the jaws and occur mainly in adult population in their later part of the life. They present various clinical and histological aspects, as well as variable disease progression and outcome. Mandibular osteosarcoma are slow growing tumors and have better prognosis compared to other site. Lung is the most common site of metastasis in osteosarcoma mainly in the long bones, in craniofascial osteosarcoma lung metastasis is a rare findings. We are presenting a case of osteosarcoma of mandible in 5 year child with aggressive initial presentation. Keywords: Aggressive Mandibular Osteosarcoma, Lung Metastasis Osteosarcoma(OS) is the most common primary malignant bone neoplasm, predominantly occurring in long bones and occasionally in the maxillofacial area. Accounts 5-9% of OS, Maxilla and the mandible are the most involved site.1-4 Mandibular osteosarcoma is often considered a distinct entity because of its predilection to older patients (mean age: 34 to 36 years). In addition, metastases are rare and the prognosis is significantly better and rarely develops distant metastases, when compared to its counterpart in long bones.3-8 we are presenting a case of 5 year old male child a case of osteosarcoma of mandible with lung metastasis. 1. Case Report A 5 year old male child presented to a dentist with history of spontaneous swelling in right mandible for 6 months. Suspecting an abscess, the dentist managed conservatively with coarse of antibiotics. The swelling continued to increase in size. After one month of conservative management child was landed in Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. In our department detail clinical examination, evaluation and management done as follows. On examination, Single swelling of 7*6 cm present over the right mandibular area, no tender to touch. Intra orally, bulging present over right alveolus with no mucosal breach (Fig. 1). Contrast enhancing CT scan face done shows, a large geographical mixed sclerotic and lytic lesion involving right distal body and ramus of the mandible with few area of cortical breaks, surrounding soft tissue component infiltrating into right infra temporal fossa, right messeter and pterygoid muscle (Fig 2 A. B). Fig 1. Clinical photograph of the child showing swelling over right jaw. Fig 2 A. B. CT Scan face transverse and 3D section.