ORIGINAL ARTICLE Bali Medical Journal (Bali Med J) 2019, Volume 8, Number 3 (P2B2 PABI XVI Manado, Special Issue 2019): S542-S546 P-ISSN.2089-1180, E-ISSN.2302-2914 S542 Open access: www.balimedicaljournal.org and ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/bmj CrossMark Published by DiscoverSys ABSTRACT Introduction: Traumatic Brain Injury is a case that is often encountered in emergency care installation and is one of the leading causes of death in the productive age range. Globally, the Traumatic Brain Injury incident increased sharply, mainly due to the increase in motorized vehicle use. In 2020, the WHO estimated that traffic accidents would be the third-largest cause of disease and trauma in the world. In Indonesia, at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta shows that the mortality rate is high in patients with severe head injuries with a percentage of 35% -50%. This figure is higher than the international literature standard. This study aims to describe the traumatic brain injury case in Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from January 2016 - December 2017. Methods: This descriptive study report the evaluation of cases of traumatic brain injury patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar, from January 2016 - December 2017. The population and sample are 1217 patients (total sampling). Result: From 1217 samples, most are men (70%), and 30% are women, with age 11-20 years are the most (30%). The most common causes of traumatic brain injury are caused by traffic accidents (89%). The largest group of patients (50%) had a mild head injury (GCS 14-15). From a Head CT scan, the most lesion was epidural hemorrhage (EDH) (26-34%) followed by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (23-28%). About 36% patients were treated by operations and the rest were conservative. Based on the outcomes, about 77% were discharged from a hospital in life and 23% died. Conclusion: The highest mortality was in severe head injury, about 87% was died (161 of 186 patients with a severe head injury). From the Head CT Scan, about 95% (19 of 20 patients) with IVH lesions were died and followed by ICH lesions as 39% (122 died from 309 patients). Based on the therapy given both surgery and conservative, patients who were discharged from the hospital in life at 77-79% and died 21-23%. Keywords: brain injury, case, epidemiology, study. Cite This Article: Samma, L., Widodo, D. 2019. Case evaluation of traumatic brain injury in Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar during period January 2016 - December 2017. Bali Medical Journal 8(3): S542-S546. DOI:10.15562/bmj.v8i3.1569 Case evaluation of traumatic brain injury in Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar during period January 2016 - December 2017 Linda Samma, * Djoko Widodo INTRODUCTION Head injury is a case that is ofen encountered in emergency care installations. Head injury is one of the leading causes of death in the productive age range. Globally, the incidence of head injuries increased sharply, mainly due to an increase in motorized vehicle use. In 2020, it is estimated that WHO trafc accidents will be the third-largest cause of disease and trauma in the world. Head injury or Traumatic Brain Injury is a signifcant cause of morbidity and mortality afer myocardial infarction in the world. Every year around 50,000 people died from head injuries in the United States. Tis number represents one-third of the total deaths due to the incidence of injury. 1,2 In America every year there are 1,500,000 head injuries, around 50,000 dies, and 80,000 experience disability. At present, there are about 5,300,000 Americans who are permanently disabled due to head injuries. In Indonesia, based on statistical data quoted from Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in Jakarta, it shows that head injury suferers who are hospitalized consist of patients with mild head injuries (60% - 70%), moderate head injuries (15% -20%), and injuries heavy head (around 10%). High mortality rates in patients with severe head injuries with a percentage of 35% -50% and moder- ate head injury 5% -10%. From the data of brain injury patients who came to Dr. Hospital Sutomo Surabaya from January 2002 to December 2013, the mortality rate in all severity of head injuries ranged from 6.171% to 11.22%. Tis fgure is higher than the international literature standard, which ranges from 3-8%. Based on the severity, the mortality of severe brain injury patients is still high, ranging from 25.13% to 37.14%, with a declining tendency. Tis fgure is relatively high compared to the litera- ture, which is 22%. Te operating rate ranges from 18.87% to 25.27% of all brain injury patients who come to the emergency department Dr. Sutomo Hospital Surabaya. 3-5 In Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar, data from 2006 to 2010 showed a mortality rate of 23% (29 people out of 101 cases) who underwent surgery. Tis is far from the target of 0% mortality in EDH, given the facilities and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia * Correspondence to: Linda Samma, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia linsamdr@gmail.com Received: 2019-07-29 Accepted: 2019-09-02 Published: 2019-12-01