ORIGINAL ARTICLE Fatty Acid Proﬁles in Sunﬂower Grains During Storage in Different Environments Claudio Guilherme Portela de Carvalho 1 · Matheus Felipe da Silva 2 · José Marcos Gontijo Mandarino 1 · Anna Karolina Grunvald 1 · Nilza Patrícia Ramos 3 · José Lopes Ribeiro 4 · Vicente de Paulo Campos Godinho 5 Received: 13 June 2017 / Revised: 19 September 2017 / Accepted: 24 October 2017 © 2018 AOCS Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the fatty acid pro- ﬁles of sunﬂower oil extracted from hybrid grains produced and stored in different environments. The trials were con- ducted in Teresina (Piauí), Vilhena (Rondônia), and Jaguar- iúna (São Paulo) in randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. After harvesting, grains from 1 high oleic and 3 traditional hybrids were packed in kraft paper bags and stored in a covered shed and in a cold chamber up to 12 months. The fatty acid proﬁles were determined by gas chromatography after 0, 4, 8, and 12 months of storage. Analyses of variance were conducted in a split-plot design, with hybrids being considered as whole plots and storage times as subplots. Tukey’s test was performed to compare hybrids and regression analyses for storage times. The ini- tial fatty acid proﬁle of the grains of the same hybrid varied depending on the production location. The grain storage of high oleic and traditional sunﬂower hybrids during 12 months in covered shed and in cold chamber resulted in little changes in oil fatty acid proﬁles, regardless of the ini- tial contents. These changes occurred only for linoleic and palmitic acids. Keywords Helianthus annuus  Oleic acid  Linoleic acid  Palmitic acid  Stearic acid J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 61–67. Introduction Linoleic and oleic fatty acids constitute approximately 90% of the total fatty acids in sunﬂower oil (Helianthus annuus) (Fernández-Martinez et al., 1989). There is an inverse relation- ship between these fatty acid levels, which can be inﬂuenced by the environmental conditions, mainly by the minimum tem- perature during the grain oil synthesis (Grunvald et al., 2013; Neto, de Oliveira Miguel, Mourad, Henriques, & Alves, 2016; Onemli, 2012; Purdy, 1986; Schulte et al., 2013). The linoleic acid content in traditional hybrid (nonmutant) oils produced at different locations in the Brazilian tropical region (latitudes from 0  S to 23  S) varies from 33.38% to 69.94% (Grunvald et al., 2013). Teresina (PI) (05  05  20 00 S), the lowest latitude location (higher minimum temperature), produced lower linoleic acid levels and, consequently, higher oleic acid levels. In the intermediate latitude location, Vilhena (RO) (12  44  26 00 S) produced grains with intermediate levels of these fatty acids. On the other hand, grains produced in Manduri (SP) (23  00  12 00 S), the highest latitude location (lower minimum temperature), presented the highest linoleic acid levels and the lowest oleic acid content. This change in the fatty acid proﬁle was veriﬁed in other studies conducted in the Brazilian tropical region (Onemli, 2012; Schulte et al., 2013). In addition to the traditional sunﬂower, high oleic hybrids (mutants) have been obtained with oleic acid content above 80% (Gupta, 2014; Skorić, Jocić, Sakac, & Lecić, 2008). * Claudio Guilherme Portela de Carvalho portela.carvalho@embrapa.br 1 Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation – Embrapa Soybean, P.O. Box 231, Londrina, 86001-970, Brazil 2 Department of Nutrition, Philadelphia University Center, Juscelino Kubitschek Avenue, 1626, Londrina, 86020-001, Brazil 3 Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation – Embrapa Meio Ambiente, P. O. Box 69, Jaguariúna, 13820-000, Brazil 4 Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation – Embrapa Meio- Norte, P. O. Box 001, Teresina, Piauí, 64008-780, Brazil 5 Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation – Embrapa Rondônia, P.O. Box 406, Porto Velho, Rondônia, 78900-970, Brazil J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 61–67 DOI 10.1002/aocs.12007 J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 61–67