This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1002/pd.5778 TITLE PAGE Kidney impairment in fetal growth restriction: three-dimensional evaluation of volume and vascularization Short running title: Kidney Impairment in Fetal Growth Restriction Janaína Campos Senra MD PhD¹; Carlos Tadashi Yoshizaki PhD¹; Giovana Farina Doro MD¹; Rodrigo Ruano MD PhD 2 ; Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni Gibelli, MD 3 ; Agatha Sacramento Rodrigues 4 ; Vera Hermina Kalika Koch 5 ; Vera Lúcia Jornada Krebs MD PhD 3 ; Marcelo Zugaib MD PhD¹; Rossana Pulcineli Vieira Francisco MD PhD¹; Lisandra Stein Bernardes MD PhD¹ ¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinics Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 2 Maternal-Fetal Medicine Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA. 3 Neonatal Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Clinics Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 4 Statistician, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinics Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 5 Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Clinics Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Corresponding author: Name: Lisandra Stein Bernardes Address: Av Dr Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar 255, 10º andar, São Paulo/SP, Obstetrícia Phone: +5511997755419, +551125390980, +551126616445 Email: lisbernardes@yahoo.com The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors declare that there was not any financial support to do this study. What’s already known about this topic? Renal development is impaired in fetal growth restriction. Adequate renal size can be considered a surrogate of renal function in childhood, and could be impaired in fetuses that do not reach its in-utero growth potential. What does this study add? This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.