Research Article
Effect of Substrate Material on the Electromagnetic Properties of
the Photolithography Printed Antenna
Thiyaneswaran Balashanmugam ,
1
Aruna Devi Baladhandapani ,
2
Palanivel Rajan Selvakumaran ,
3
Dhanagopal Ramachandran ,
4
Suresh Kumar Muthuvel ,
5
Priyadharshini Sivaraj ,
6
and Samson Alemayehu Mamo
7
1
Department of ECE, Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamilnadu, India
2
Department of ECE, Dr. N.G.P Institute of Technology, Dr. N.G.P. Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
3
Department of ECE, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamilnadu, India
4
Department of ECE, Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
5
Institute of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering,
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
6
Department of ECE, Tamilnadu Engineering College, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
7
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Technology,
Hawassa University, Awasa, Ethiopia
Correspondence should be addressed to Samson Alemayehu Mamo; samson@hu.edu.et
Received 15 November 2021; Revised 26 April 2022; Accepted 29 April 2022; Published 1 June 2022
Academic Editor: V. Vijayan
Copyright © 2022 iyaneswaran Balashanmugam et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In this study, a rectangular microstrip feed antenna on a fire-retarded substrate is presented. e antenna is designed using
Computer Simulation Tool (CST) software. Different materials are used for the substrate, and the electromagnetic properties of
the proposed structure are analyzed for each material. e EM property variation for each material is comparatively presented.
e proposed antenna has CSRR (Complementary Split-Ring Resonator) which is engraved on the radiating element, and the
shape of the CSRR is the hexagon. e proposed metamaterial-inspired antenna exhibits multiband operation at 2.1 GHz,
2.6 GHz, 4.6 GHz, 5.5 GHz, 6.1 GHz, and 7.1 GHz. With the help of material analysis, the fire-retarded substrate is chosen for the
design, its excellent EM properties, and cheap cost. e photolithography-based printed antenna is validated with the help of S
11,
VSWR, gain, directivity, surface current distribution, and radiation pattern. Simple, compact structure, good gain, stable radiation
pattern, and excellent EM properties of the fire-retarded substrates make it suitable for the GHz application.
1. Introduction
e property of the materials used in the construction of any
microwave device will directly affect the performance of the
microwave device, the prerequisite for any microwave device
design is the material selection knowledge. ere are plenty
of microwave materials available to manufacture micro-
waved devices, such as CNT, magnetic and ferrite materials,
flexible materials, and metamaterials [1]. e selection of
materials based on the range of operating frequency is
another major requirement. ere are a variety of micro-
wave devices [2–4] such as antennas [5], filters, couplers,
isolators, and mixers. Out of which, the antenna plays a vital
role in all wireless applications. e antenna is a device made
up of conductors that can convert the vibrating electrons
into the EM signal during transmission and vice versa
during the reception [6, 7]. Two decades before the antenna
is of larger size; there are plenty of antennae-like dipoles,
reflectors, slots, horns, etc. During the past two decades,
there has been an enormous development in antenna design
due to the development of wireless communication [8, 9].
e primary requirement of an antenna is compact size and
multifunctionality. Both these essential requirements will
depend on the antenna substrate. e amount of space
Hindawi
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
Volume 2022, Article ID 7489680, 12 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7489680