Origin of Noise in Structures with Tuned
Nanoconstrictions
V.Sydoruk
Peter Gruenberg Institute
Forschungszentrum Juelich
Juelich, Germany
1
current Institute: Institute of Bio- and Geosciences
L.K.Vandamme
Eindhoven University of Technology
Eindhoven 5600MB, Netherlands
M.Petrychuk
Radiophysical Faculty
Taras Shevchenko National University
Kiev, Ukraine
S.Pud, J.Li, D.Mayer, S.Vitusevich*
Peter Gruenberg Institute
Forschungszentrum Juelich
Juelich, Germany
*
s.vitusevich@fz-juelich.de
Abstract— Thin conducting gold films with nanoconstriction
are characterized by noise spectroscopy with and without a single
1,4-benzenedithiol (BDT) molecule between the contacts. The low
frequency noise spectral density demonstrates the 1/f
α
type
behavior with a factor, α, near to 1. It is shown, that the
normalized noise spectral density is proportional to the resistance
R in power 3/2 for the case without a molecule as well as with a
molecule. The experimental findings are in good agreement with
theoretically predicted results. The results obtained are
interpreted in terms of the fine tuning and evolution of structures
with a nanoconstriction region. Structures with a single molecule
demonstrate a lower noise level compared with the structures
without it. Our results are promising for the development of
nanostructures for future molecular electronics, functioning at
room temperature.
Keywords—single molecule, nanoconstriction, flicker noise,
tunneling, transport properties
I. INTRODUCTION
Currently, transport phenomena in nanostructures are
increasingly attracting the attention of researchers not only to
identify new applications [1], but also to find ways to change
the transport mechanism in new regimes as well as- to utilize
novel approaches of transport formation in complex systems
with the single-molecule participating in the structure transport
phenomena [2]. This will allow conditions to be achieved for
an important new stage of the design and development of
molecular electronics. Structures with thin regions in the range
of tens of nanometers, whose geometry can be tuned, represent
unique systems for studying noise properties at the nanoscale.
Noise spectroscopy is one of the methods for comprehensively
studying transport processes in nanostructures, and analyzing
transport regimes and also identifying the transition regions
from one type of regime to another. Recently, the authors of
Ref. [3] showed, that- in tunable break junctions (TBJ) noise
is caused by resistance fluctuations and as a function of
resistance this noise demonstrates different power
dependencies for low-ohmic and high-ohmic junctions. Such
behavior was explained by the transition from diffusive to
ballistic transport using simple estimations of characteristic
length change of the junction constriction. It was suggested that
even in the smallest junctions flicker noise scales with the total
number of channels proportional to the junction area. In the
case where a layer of molecules self-assembled between two
large-area gold electrodes forming metal-molecule-metal
junctions, noise spectra show 1/f-noise, random telegraph
noise, and shot noise components due to localized defects,
which may be unintentionally introduced into the molecular
layer [4]. However, a detailed analysis of noise as a function
of resistance of metal-molecule-metal junction was not
performed.
In our work, we analyzed the transport and noise properties
of gold nanostructures with nanoconstrictions, the geometry of
which can be scaled down to a single gold atom. Moreover,
after breaking the gold constriction and bonding the electrode
with a single organic molecule, the structure demonstrated
unique behavior with respect to molecule transport and noise
properties.
II. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS
Highly-stable TBJ structures were fabricated using
advanced technology to study noise and transport properties.
Stability of the structures was especially important for noise
measurements. TBJ chips were fabricated on the basis of spring
steel substrates with a length of 44 mm, a width of 12 mm and
a thickness of 0.2 mm. First, a polyimide (HD-4100, HD
ICNF2013 978-1-4799-0671-0/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE