MI-SPE, M-SPE AND M-SPD RECENT APPLICATION ON SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION FOR
COMPOUND EXTRACTION OF COMPLEX MATRICES
Review Article
SHARIMINA VENU GOPALAN, ALIYA NUR HASANAH
Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran
Email:
Received: 06 Feb 2019, Revised and Accepted: 28 Mar 2018
aliya.n.hasanah@unpad.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Solid Phase Extraction is a method used for extraction, purification of compounds contained in complex matrices and purification of samples in the
fields of industry, pharmacy, and toxicology analysis. This review represents the recent advances of solid phase extraction from different mode of
separation which are the most commonly used in recent days such as molecular imprinting solid phase extraction (MISPE), magnetic solid phase
extraction (MSPE) and matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD). In this review, the applications of MISPE in the analysis of agrochemicals such as
herbicides, fungicides and insecticides are summarized. This review also states preparation of various magnetic composites (MSPE) based on
graphene and its application as adsorbents in pre concentrating natural mixes, organic macromolecules. Besides this, this review summarizes the
application of MSPD in biological, food, and environmental samples, including both organic and inorganic analyte.
Keywords: Solid phase extraction, Recent advances, Molecular imprinting solid phase extraction, Magnetic solid phase extraction, Matrix solid
phase dispersion
© 2019 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019v11i3.32410
A method utilized for extraction, sanitization of compounds contained
in complex matrices and purification of samples in the fields of
industry, pharmacy, and toxicology analysis is called strong stage
extraction. It is the most generally utilized analytical extraction
strategies and can facilitate the analysis of a compound from biological
materials such as blood, urine, water, etc. which contain many
matrices. The problem that often arises is when there is a sample
whose composition is unknown but is very complex and contains so
many chemical components in the form of liquid and the presence of
solid particles that expand inside. Therefore, we need a technique that
can analyze the specific compounds contained in a sample [1].
INTRODUCTION
Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) is a relatively new methodology but SPE
is fast developing as the main tool for sample pre-treatment or for
clean-up of dirty samples, for example, samples that have high matrix
content such as salts, proteins, polymers, resins, etc. Filtration,
homogenization, precipitation, chemical reactions, solvent exchange,
concentration, matrix removal, solubilization are components that can
be used singly or in combination to obtain samples with forms that are
compatible with the analysis tools needed [1].
SPE has the advantage when compared to liquid-liquid extraction
that is by using SPE the extraction process becomes more perfect,
the separation of analyte from the matrix becomes more efficient,
reducing the organic solvents used. SPE is an efficient separation
process so that high recovery (>99%) is easier to achieve when
compared to liquid-liquid extraction. In liquid-liquid extraction,
several extractions are still needed to obtain high recovery, whereas
with SPE only one-step is needed. Moreover, SPE has advantages
and has been widely used because it can use various stationary
phases, fast and simple procedures and high throughput. The main
advantage of SPE is its easy use, fast time and generally only
requires a small volume of extraction solvents [2].
To improve selectivity in sample analysis, the current SPE method
are combined with other methods such as chromatography (GC-MS)
UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, HPLC, Gas and Mass Chromatography.
According to Barnes et al., the combination of chromatography and
SPE can be used more simply and effectively in purification, sample
analysis. The advantages when compared to other methods such as
HPLC, NMR, and MS are low costs, the ability and sample analysis
are quite good
Methodology
[2].
Our review is based on the literature obtained from the PubMed and
Scopus databases using the keywords “molecular imprinted solid
phase extraction”, “matrix solid phase dispersion” and “magnetic
solid phase extraction”. The specific keywords related to application
of molecular imprinted solid phase extraction, matrix solid phase
dispersion and magnetic solid phase extraction used were
“molecular imprinted solid phase extraction in complex matrices,”
“magnetic solid phase dispersion in food,” “molecular imprinted
solid phase extraction in biological fluid,” and “matrix solid phase
dispersion in pharmaceuticals. The following exclusion criteria were
applied: reviews, opinions or commentaries, non-English language,
and unrelated topics such as other type of solid phase extraction
beside molecular imprinted solid phase extraction, magnetic solid
phase extraction and matrix solid phase dispersion.
Different mode of separatation
The following are the frequently utilized method of detachment in
solid phase extractions in current days dependent on the articles, for
example, molecular imprinted solid phase extraction (MI-SPE),
Magnetic SPE (MSPE) and matrix solid phase dispersion. In the new
advancements of test readiness procedures, molecularly imprinted
polymers (MIPs) have picked up enthusiasm as a novel sort of
sorbent with alluring properties. Such polymers may move toward
becoming supplement to antibodies to be utilized in pesticide
assurance [3, 4]. Magnetic solid phase extraction has been utilized as
pretreatment procedure for the examination of a few mixes due to
its points of interest when it is contrasted and great strategies.
Magnetic solid phase extraction limits the utilization of additional
steps, for example, precipitation, centrifugation, and filtration that
diminishes the control of the example [5-77].
Uses of MSPD have secured natural, nourishment, and ecological
examples, including both organic and inorganic analyte. Matrix solid
phase dispersion (MSPD) has turned out to be a proficient example
arrangement method for solid, semi-solid, and sticky examples [8].
Molecular imprinting solid phase extraction
The molecular printing technique enables synthetic polymers to be
prepared for a template molecule with specific binding sites. This can
be achieved if the target acts as a molecular template during the
polymerization process. Monomers with functional groups are
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics
ISSN- 0975-7058 Vol 11, Issue 3, 2019