RESEARCH ARTICLE
Self-perception of physical appearance of
adolescents and associated factors in Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia
Ziyad Ahmed Abdo
ID
1
*, Semira Ahmed Seid
2
, Aynye Negesse Woldekiros
2
1 Ethiopian Ministry of Health, Department of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,
2 Ethiopian Ministry of Health, Department of Public Relation and Communication, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
* ziyadahm1982@gmail.com
Abstract
Introduction
Establishing a positive body image is a critical factor for adolescents’ physical and mental
health, as it determines self-confidence, and sustainable individual growth and development
throughout their lives. This reality needs to be supported by evidences generated locally.
However, there is a lack of information in this regard in the study setting. Thus, the aim of
this study was to assess the self-perception of one’s physical appearance and its associated
factors among adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods and materials
A community-based, cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. At the
end of the multistage sampling procedure, a systematic random sampling technique was
employed to select 308 study participants from selected districts. The questionnaire was
adapted from previous studies as it was appropriate for local context. The data collectors
were trained before the data collection and supervised during the data collection period, and
the questionnaire was pretested. Bivariate logistic regression was used to identify candidate
variables, and then variables with p<0.2 were taken to multiple logistic regressions to iden-
tify independent associated factors. Statistical significance was considered at P <0.05 with
adjusted odds ratios calculated at 95% CIs.
Result
A total of 283 adolescents were participated in the study, with a response rate of 91.9%. The
overall good self-perception of one’s physical appearance was 48.4% [95% CI = 43.8, 54.1].
Having a BMI between 18.5 kg/m
2
-24.9 kg/m
2
(AOR = 2.56; 95% CI: 1.45, 4.54), presence
of enough sport fields in the school (AOR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.09, 3.29), having daily access to
internet services (AOR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.07, 2.94), following Ethiopian movies/cinemas
(AOR = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.46, 4.15), and regularly following western movies/cinemas (AOR =
2.0; 95% CI: 1.11, 3.59) were significantly associated with a good self-perception of one’s
physical appearance.
PLOS ONE
PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281202 January 27, 2023 1 / 13
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OPEN ACCESS
Citation: Abdo ZA, Seid SA, Woldekiros AN (2023)
Self-perception of physical appearance of
adolescents and associated factors in Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia. PLoS ONE 18(1): e0281202. https://doi.
org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281202
Editor: Zekariyas Sahile, Ambo University College
of Medicine and Public Health, ETHIOPIA
Received: January 10, 2022
Accepted: January 17, 2023
Published: January 27, 2023
Peer Review History: PLOS recognizes the
benefits of transparency in the peer review
process; therefore, we enable the publication of
all of the content of peer review and author
responses alongside final, published articles. The
editorial history of this article is available here:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281202
Copyright: © 2023 Abdo et al. This is an open
access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided the original
author and source are credited.
Data Availability Statement: The datasets used
and/or analyzed during the current study is
uploaded as Supporting Information file.
Competing interests: The authors have declared
that no competing interests exist.