International Journal of Applied Mathematics, Electronics and Computers Advanced Technology and Science ISSN:2147-82282147-6799 www.atscience.org/IJAMEC Original Research Paper This journal is © Advanced Technology & Science IJAMEC, 2017, 5(2), 41–46 | 41 Improvement and Dynamic Analysis of an Electromechanical Valve (EMV) System and Determination of Working Limits at Different Valve Lifts Nida BIRGUL* 1 Accepted : 15/06/2017 Published: 30/06/2017 DOI: 10.18100/ijamec.2017528890 Abstract: In four stroke internal combustion engines, the valves control the gas inlet and outlet events. Electromechanical valve (EMV) systems perform the required valve timing independently of the crankshaft position. With this feature, EMV systems have a great potential for increasing engine performance, ensuring optimum fuel consumption and minimizing emissions. The intent of this study was to improve an EMV system, which has 12V supply potential, and to investigate dynamic performance at different lifting valve operations and then to determine the support limits of an internal combustion engine. At the end of the development of the EMV system, the transition time for 6mm valve lift was measured as 3.9 ms. Accordingly, it is evaluated that a four-stroke internal combustion engine can be supported up to 5128 rpm. Keywords: Electromechanical Valve, Variable, Mechatronics, Internal Combustion Engine, Camless Engine, Solenoid 1. Introduction Conventional engine technology uses mechanically driven camshafts, to perform the opening and closing phase of intake and exhaust valves. The opening and closing profiles of such valves is strongly coupled to crankshaft position. Therefore, the valve train is not a flexible device and it is not possible to adjust or adapt in real time the valve features according to the engine conditions. Consequently definition, the standard valve system put a limit on the performance of internal combustion engines. The intake system on an engine, typically consists of an air filter, a throttle, individual fuel injectors, intake manifold, intake ports, intake valves. During the induction process, pressure losses ocur as the mixture or as the air passes through of these components. For this reason, the pressure dropping of an intake manifold decreases the volumetric efficiency of an engine. For the internal combustion engine with the aim of improving performance, reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, the variable valve timing is one of the effective and essential means. Variable valve systems that operate mechanically have eliminated most of above mentioned limitations. VVT technology uses the camshafts to open or close the valves like conventional engines valve train. Furthermore, mechanically operating variable valve systems are unable to change all operating parameters of valves at the same time and at infinite intervals. Variable valve timing and lifting can dramatically change an engine's performance characteristics that tork, power and specific fuel consumption. VVT is one of the effective and essential means for the internal combustion engine with the aim of improving performance [1], [3]-[6]. The development of an effective variable valve system strongly relies on innovative valve actuators. There are several valve devices that electromechanical valve (EMV) actuators, electro-hydraulic[7]-[10], hydraulic, pneumatic[11], [12] and motor-driven systems[13], [14] have been proposed to implement variable valve timing (VVT). The variable valve timing without camshaft is also called camless valvetrain or electromechanical valve (EMV) system. For this system, the camshaft mechanism is replaced by an electric or hydraulic or pneumatic system and the fully controls of the duration and valve stroke with possibly infinite variable valve timing is able to be achieved. Electromechanical valve (EMS) systems are generally based on mechanism design [15]-[19], design influencing factors [20], [21], noise reduction [22], modeling and simulation [1], [3], [23]- [26], control and optimization [27]-[29] and engine applications [30]-[32]. Studies have shown that significant benefits in terms of fuel consumption, emissions, and torque production can be obtained through the adoption of Variable Valve Actuation (VVA) operations [33]-[39], in particular cylinder deactivation[40] and Variable Valve Timing (VVT) over all engine operating conditions. The aim of this study was to improve an EMV system and to investigate dynamic performance at different lifting valve operations and then to determine the support limits of an internal combustion engine, and also to investigate the switchability capacity of the new EMV system in return to the opening and closing movement of a standard valve [41]. In this study, the previously produced system will be named as EMV1 and later developed system will be named as EMV2. 2. Electromechanical Valve (EMV) System Electromechanical valve (EMV) systems are designed to operate the valves independently of the crankshaft. The system basically consists of an electronic control unit, two coils, two springs, a core and a valve. In Figure 1, the elements composing an electromechanical valve system are shown schematically. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 Baskent University, Kazan Vocational School, 06980, Ankara, TURKEY. * Corresponding Author: Email: nbirgul@baskent.edu.tr