International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry 2022; 7(1): 1-10 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ijbc doi: 10.11648/j.ijbc.20220701.11 ISSN: 2578-9384 (Print); ISSN: 2578-9392 (Online) Review Article The Study of Antimicrobial Activities of Various Transition Metal Mixed Ligand Complexes Containing 1,10-Phenanthroline with Any Other Ligands Aklilu Melese Mengesha Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Kebridehar University, Kebridehar, Ethiopia Email address: To cite this article: Aklilu Melese Mengesha. The Study of Antimicrobial Activities of Various Transition Metal Mixed Ligand Complexes Containing 1,10-Phenanthroline with Any Other Ligands. International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry. Vol. 7, No. 1, 2022, pp. 1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbc.20220701.11 Received: February 1, 2022; Accepted: February 24, 2022; Published: February 28, 2022 Abstract: The widespread usage of antibiotics in recent years has resulted in a surge in drug-resistant bacteria resistant to a variety of medications. The identification of innovative and potent molecules against new targets is critical to combating the worrisome problem of microbial resistance to antibiotics. Numerous transition metal mixed ligand complexes have been explored as a result of this, with promising results. Because transition metals have different oxidation states and can interact with a variety of ligands, they play an essential role in medical inorganic chemistry. Metals' high activity has led to the recent creation of metal-based pharmaceuticals that are being explored as viable candidates for pharmacological and therapeutic purposes. This review focuses on research conducted over the last few decades that has sought to possess biological applications such as antimicrobial, antifungal, and antibacterial activities of synthetic mixed ligand transition metal complexes, and it focuses primarily on a small number of transition metal mixed ligand complexes such as Mn (II), Co(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II), Ru(III) that contain 1,10-Phenanthroline as a major ligand The majority of this article is devoted to nitrogen donor ligands that chelate transition metals and are employed in metallodrugs. Keywords: 1,10-phenanthriline, Mixed Ligand Complexes, Biological Activities 1. Introduction Transition metal ions have an essential part in biological processes in the human body today [1-3]. It is feasible to impose a set of desirable characteristics on transition metals in coordination with appropriate ligands for specific uses. Tailoring the kinds of ligands in complexes governs features such as oxidation state, stability, solvophilicity, and the electronic properties of metal ions [4-6]. Coordination modifies not just the characteristics of metal ions, but also the properties of the ligands themselves [5]. Because of their antibacterial and antifungal characteristics, metal complexes have received a lot of interest in modern medicine [7, 8]. Nowadays, bioinorganic chemists explore the pharmacology of heterocyclic ligands and their metal complexes as the primary focus of their research [9, 10]. Nitrogen-containing chemical molecules and their metal complexes display a wide spectrum of biological actions, including antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, and antiviral properties. As DNA-binding agents, transition metal complexes have two different advantages [10, 11]. First and foremost, because of their well-defined coordination geometry, transition metal centers are highly appealing molecules for reversible recognition in nucleic acid studies. Furthermore, they frequently exhibit different electrochemical or photo-physical characteristics, boosting the functionality of the binding agent [10]. Indeed, these intelligent properties have fueled the complexes' employment in a wide range of applications, from fluorescent markers to DNA foot printing agents to electrochemical probes [12]. Many transition metal ion coordination compounds are amenable to nucleolytic cleavage. Mixed ligand-metal complexes have been discovered to be particularly effective in