Evaluating Energy Loss through Recessed Lighting Fixtures (RLF) in
Residential Buildings through a Case Study
Ri Na
1
, Shengmao Lin
2
, Zhigang Shen
1
and Linxia Gu
2
1
The Durham School of Architecture Engineering and Construction;
2
Department
of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln,
Lincoln, NE 68588,
ABSTRACT
Unintended air leakage through building envelope is a major source of
energy loss of residential buildings. Air leakage through improperly installed
recessed lighting fixtures (RLF) has been identified as one source of unintended
air leakage. However, little quantitative study was found on the energy loss
through improperly-installed RLF. In this paper, the authors conducted
preliminary evaluation of the magnitude of such energy loss by numerical
simulations using 3D transient CFD model. One case was studied using boundary
conditions of four seasons, which were obtained from historical experimental data
from Mississippi. The results of the simulations indicate RLF can be a very
significant source of energy loss in both summer and winter conditions. The study
suggests that systematic approach is needed to improve the RLF design and
construction practice to reduce or remove the RLF’s negative impact on energy
loss of residential buildings.
INTRODUCTION
Unintended air leakage through buildings’ envelopes is one of the common
issues which affect energy performance of single-family residential buildings in
the U.S. Air leakage through improperly installed recessed lighting fixtures (RLF)
has been identified as one source of unintended air leakage. In response to its
impacts, Washington State revised its codes and started to require all recessed
lighting to be strictly air tight. The code demand that air leakage rate of RLF
could not exceed 2 cfm (cubic feet per minute) at 75 Pascals pressure difference,
which firstly provided the manufacturers with valuable references (Meer, 2002).
Later on, IECC also enacted a series of corresponding provisions to regulate the
industry standards.
However, even under the above guidance when the lighting trim is
properly sealed, the perforations on the recessed lighting cans are still found to be
a cause of air leakage (McCarthy, 2000). Though employing the physical methods,
such as the blower door test and infrared camera techniques, the leaking areas can
1691 COMPUTING IN CIVIL AND BUILDING ENGINEERING ©ASCE 2014