Implementation of Hybrid Ad-Hoc Routing Protocol
S. Swapna Kumar
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Sahrdaya College of Engineering & Technology,
Trichur, Kerala
sswapnakumar@aol.com
Dr. M. Nanda Kumar, Dr. Sheeba V.S
Department of Electrical Engineering, Department of
Electronics & Communication Engineering,
Government Engineering College,
Trichur, Sreekrishnapuram, Kerala
mnkumar.tcr@gmail.com
sheebavs@gmail.com
Abstract: -- The goal of this application is to implement a
hybrid ad-hoc routing protocol, using the 802.11 wireless protocols.
Our implementation enables communication between several
wireless stations, on a dynamic network without using any
infrastructure, i.e. using peer-to-peer mode, rather than Access
Points. Two distant units can communicate even when there is no
direct connection between them. We have implemented the Direct
Sequence Distance Vector (DSDV) algorithm, which is a pro-active
table driven algorithm in Wireless Network. The routing in each
station is executed according to local routing table. The tables are
continually maintained and updated. We developed the application
in Java, which has inherent support for network operations. Thus,
it is platform independent, and can run with various OS and
wireless cards. In order to demonstrate the operation of the
algorithm we wrote a Unicode Short Message Text (USMT)
application that uses the routing protocol services as a sub-layer.
The USMT application enables sending of text messages from any
unit to any other unit in the network. It also graphically presents
the local routing tables information.
Keywords: AODV, DSDV, MANET, Wireless Ad-hoc Network,
Test-bed for Ad-hoc implementation
I. INTRODUCTION
Simulation is an important tool in the development of MANET
as well as in certain dynamic applications of wireless sensor
networks; it provides an excellent environment to experiment
and verify routing protocol correctness. However, simulation
does not guarantee that the protocol works in practice, because
simulators contain assumptions and simplified models that may
not actually reflect real network operation. After a protocol is
thoroughly tested in simulation, an implementation is the
logical next step. A working implementation is necessary to
validate that the routing protocol specification performs under
real conditions. Otherwise, assumptions made by the protocol
design cannot be verified as correct. Additionally, an
implementation can be used to perform test bed and field tests.
Eventually it can be used in a deployed system. Creating a
working implementation of an ad-hoc routing protocol is non-
trivial and more difficult than developing a simulation. In
simulation, the developer controls the whole system, which is
in effect only a single component. An implementation, on the
other hand, needs to interoperate with a large, complex system.
Some components of this system are the operating system,
sockets, and network interfaces. Additional implementation
problems surface because current operating systems are not
built to support ad-hoc routing protocols. A number of required
events are unsupported; support for these events must be added.
Because these events encompass many system components, the
components and their interactions must also be explored. For
these reasons it takes significantly more effort to create an ad
hoc routing protocol implementation than a simulation
II. PROBLEM STATEMENT
To date, the majority of ad-hoc routing protocol research
has been done using simulation only. One of the most
motivating reasons to use simulation is the difficulty of
creating a real implementation. In a simulator, the code is
contained within a single logical component, which is clearly
defined and accessible. On the other hand, creating an
implementation requires use of a system with many
components, including many that have little or no
documentation. The implementation developer must
understand not only the routing protocol, but all the system
components and their complex interactions. Further, since ad
hoc routing protocols are significantly different from
traditional routing protocols, a new set of features must be
introduced to support the routing protocol. In this paper we
describe the event triggers required for AODV operation [1],
the design possibilities and the decisions for our Ad hoc On-
demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol
implementation, AODV-DSDV. This paper is meant to aid
researchers in developing their own on-demand ad hoc routing
protocols and assist users in determining the implementation
design that best fits their needs.
III. MOTIVATION
Till date, the majority of ad-hoc routing protocol research has
been done using simulation only. One of the most motivating
reasons to use simulation is the difficulty of creating a real
implementation. In a simulator, the code is contained within a
single logical component, which is clearly defined and
accessible. On the other hand, creating an implementation
requires use of a system with many components, including
many that have little or no documentation. The
implementation developer must understand not only the
routing protocol, but all the system components and their
2010 International Conference on Advances in Recent Technologies in Communication and Computing
978-0-7695-4201-0/10 $26.00 © 2010 IEEE
DOI 10.1109/ARTCom.2010.14
151