International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health | May 2023 | Vol 10 | Issue 5 Page 1764
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Pattnaik S et al. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2023 May;10(5):1764-1767
http://www.ijcmph.com
pISSN 2394-6032 | eISSN 2394-6040
Original Research Article
A cross sectional study, for risk assessment of non-communicable
disease in urban slum of South India
Snigdha Pattnaik*, Pavani Varma, Sravya Mundla, Saba Syed, Neeta Mathur,
Birinchi Narayan Das, Anu Mohandas
INTRODUCTION
Non communicable diseases (NCDs) contribute to around
5.87 million deaths that account for 60% of all deaths in
India. India shares more than two-third of the total deaths
due to NCDs in the south-east Asia region (SEAR) of
WHO Non communicable diseases account for 62% of
the total age-standardized burden of forgone disability
adjusted life years (DALYs) in India.
1
Public and private
financing of clinical services to reduce the NCD burden is
a major challenge.
Four types of NCDs- cardiovascular diseases, cancer,
chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes make the largest
contribution to morbidity and mortality.
2
Four behavioral
risk factors are responsible for significant proportions of
these diseases- tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical
inactivity and harmful use of alcohol. Non communicable
diseases now make the greatest proportion of the total
burden of disease and injuries in India. Many of these
conditions are amenable to preventive measures.
However, effective action to prevent and control disease
depends on timely access to accurate and reliable
information, both to inform where resources should best
be targeted and to monitor and evaluate the impact of the
actions taken.
ABSTRACT
Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) contribute to around 5.87 million deaths that account for 60% of
all deaths in India. India shares more than two-third of the total deaths due to NCDs in the south-east Asia region
(SEAR) of WHO. Objective was to monitor the trends and determinants of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the
study population in slum of Telangana.
Methods: The cross-sectional community-based study, was conducted in the urban field practice area of Apollo
Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad. Sample size was estimated, data was collected in WHO
STEPS questionnaire (STEP 1 and STEP 2) after obtaining informed consent from the participants. The performa
included anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and questions related to tobacco use, alcohol consumption,
dietary pattern, physical exercise. Microsoft Excel 2007 was used for data entry, SPSS version 24 for data analysis.
Results: Tobacco smoking use in any form was seen in 22.1% males of the study population and 1.8% of females.
The means waist hip ratio amongst male is 0.92 cm. The mean waist hip ratio amongst 113 voluntary participants was
0.89.
Conclusions: NCDs in the urban slum that requires appropriate early actions to prevent risk factors, reducing the
disease burden. Health education among households through behaviour change, formulation and implementation of
health policy for urban slums will go a long way in lessening the burden.
Keywords: Non communicable diseases, Underprivileged population, Urban slum
Department of Community Medicine, Apollo institute of Medical Sciences and research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Received: 08 February 2023
Revised: 25 March 2023
Accepted: 31 March 2023
*Correspondence:
Dr. Snigdha Pattnaik,
E-mail: drpsnigdh@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20231271