Full Proceeding Paper PERIODONTAL DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH CORTICOSTEROID IN ASTHMA PATIENTS-A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW SURIJANA MAPPANGARA 1* , IRMAH BASIR 1 , SRI OKTAWATI 1 , MARDIANA ADAM 1 , HARUN ACHMAD 2 1 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia, 2 Department of Pedodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia Email: surijana_m@yahoo.com Received: 22 Jan 2019, Revised and Accepted: 25 May 2019 ABSTRACT To observe the changed in periodontal disease in asthma patients using corticosteroid drugs. Electronic searches on Wiley, Pubmed, and Cochrane were conducted to identify articles published in dental journals from January 2004 to December 2017 focusing on the effects of corticosteroid use in asthma patients. Manual searches of published full-text articles and related articles were performed afterwards. Of the 73 studies that explain this, only 3 studies were compatible with the inclusion criteria. The initial database search produced 195 articles. All articles were selected for full-text review. There were 3 studies selected for inclusion, with 97.837 patients as subjects. Most studies were using inhaled corticosteroids in addition to the use of systemic corticosteroid drugs, and antihistamines. One studies mention that there no evidence of association been asthma and periodontal disease from the adolescent population. Corticosteroids are used in the treatment of asthma diseases, but the use of corticosteroid drugs, especially with inhaled methods, increases the risk of periodontal disease compared to patients who do not use corticosteroid drugs. Keywords: Asthma, Corticosteroid, Drugs, Periodontal disease © 2019 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd. This is an open-access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s4.35295 INTRODUCTION Asthma is a respiratory disease with characteristics of inflammation and bronchoconstriction, which can occur in any age group, such as children, adolescents, adults, and elderly [1]. Infection in the respiratory tract, allergies, exposure to allergens, and weather changes are the trigger factors in asthma with different symptoms and limited respiratory tract. This condition can limit the activity and the acute condition can cause the main problem in health care and in some cases, the condition can become fatal and cause death [2]. The prevalence of asthma is about 300 million people in the world and this number is assured to increase by 100 million people in 2025 [3]. Therefore, the pharmacological choices to treat asthma disease are by reducing the disease symptom, controlling the disease, and providing additional therapy [2]. In adults, the prevalence of asthma disease is higher in women than men. Recently, the more effective and available treatment for asthma is by using inflammatory medication (e. g. inhaled glucocorticosteroid) and also can by adding bronchodilator agent (e. g. agonist β2) if necessary [4]. Patients who are using an inhaler must be given a clear instruction of use: 4 times daily. A long-term of the drug’s usage can cause a health problem in the oral cavity [3]. McDerra et al. [5]. Found that 4–10 y old children with asthma disease usually have more plaque and calculus than healthy children without asthma. They also have a higher prevalence of gingivitis. In 1992, Von Wowern et al. [6]. Also reported that the reduced composition bone mineral of the mandible may be caused by the used of systemic corticosteroid. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review was written based on the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses) for reporting the events evaluated by interventions and health care behaviors [7]. PICO questions (population, intervention, control, and outcome) [8] used in this systematic review were: P (population): children, adults, and elderly patients who are suffering from asthma I (intervention): the use of anti-asthmatic drugs corticosteroid and antihistamines C (comparison/control): healthy patients without asthma O (outcome): the relation between periodontal disease and asthma patients who were using anti-asthmatic drugs such as corticosteroid Search strategy The electronic searches were conducted on Wiley Online Library, PubMed, and Cochrane Online Library databases focusing on English literature, which supports this study. The searches were done to identify published articles in the dental journal from January 2004 to December 2017, focusing on the use of the anti-asthmatic drug’s effects on periodontal disease in asthma patients. The MesH keywords used in this search were “asthma” and “corticosteroid”. The searches were limited to English articles, publication date, and type of articles. The manual searches of the full-text articles were done afterward. There were 73 studies compatible with this, but only 3 studies were compatible with the inclusion criteria. The drugs used in this study were anti-asthmatic drugs (e. g. corticosteroid) and antihistamines. The specific keywords were used in this search and the results were evaluated based on PICO questions characteristics. Eligibility criteria The inclusion criteria in this systematic review are based on parameters which are the articles that published in English from January 2004 to December 2017 about periodontal disease associated with corticosteroid in asthma patients and at least 24-30 mo after using follow up evaluation. The age of patients was about 7-86 y old. While the exclusion criteria used in this systematic review are the article that published in not in English, articles in any systematic review and meta-analyses, the articles only explaining other respiratory diseases. Selection of study The specific keywords were used by participating authors to find the articles by reviewing and selecting the abstract and full-text articles. The authors then selected the articles that were compatible with the inclusion criteria independently. After that, all the abstract and full- text articles were downloaded and evaluated individually. The eligibility criteria was used to identify the articles which will be used in this systematic review. Data extraction The data were extracted by the authors with the following parameter: publication year, studies on the animal, and other accompanying diseases. All the full-text articles that were International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ISSN- 0975-7058 Vol 11, Special Issue 4, 2019