Acta Scientific Dental Sciences (ISSN: 2581-4893)
Volume 5 Issue 4 April 2021
The Use of Bite Raisers in Orthodontic Treatment - A Review of Literature
Review Article
Gurkeerat Singh, Harshita Gupta, Anu Rathi*, Deepali Bisht, Varun
Goyal, Raj Kumar Singh and Sonali Dhawan
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sudha Rustagi College
of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
*Corresponding Author: Anu Rathi, Postgraduate Resident, Department of
Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental
Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
Received: March 01, 2021
Published: March 29, 2021
© All rights are reserved by Anu Rathi., et al.
Abstract
Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment often require temporary bite raisers primarily for disocclusion of the dentition and unob-
structed tooth movement. Depending upon the type of malocclusion and the desired treatment result, a variety of bite raisers can be
fabricated. They improve dental and facial balance as well as gives relief from temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) symptoms.
This article reviews the different bite raisers currently used in day-to-day practice along with their biomechanics involved and in
deciding their position, duration, thickness and material used.
Keywords: Bite Raiser; Vertical Dimension; Orthodontics; Openbite; Crossbite; Scissorbite; Occlusion
Abbreviations
CR-CO: Centric Relation-Centric Occlusion; GIC: Glass Ionomer Ce-
ment; TMD: Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; ABPFA: Anterior
Bite Plane Functional Appliance; NTI-tss: Nociceptive Trigeminal
Inhibition Tension Suppression System; RMI: Rapid Molar Intruder
Introduction
Bite raising is a fairly old and commonly practiced concept in
the field of orthodontics. A bite plane is an artificial surface espe-
cially fabricated either anteriorly or posteriorly to provide a plane
against which the teeth of the opposing arch can contact when
brought together for occlusion such that full closure of the jaws
is prevented. The bite is thus said to be raised. The orthodontic
correction of deepbite, openbite, scissorbite and crossbite often re-
quires temporary bite opening which serves to eliminate occlusal
interferences, improve CR-CO (centric relation-centric occlusion)
discrepancy, provide unhindered tooth movement by preventing
unwanted breakages of the orthodontic brackets [1-3].
The first inclined plane was described by John Hunter in 1771
which was fabricated on the lower anterior teeth to correct a lin-
gually blocked out tooth. Henry Clay Quinby and W.G. Bonwill later
on described the maxillary bite plate for deepbite correction and
N.W. Kingsley introduced the maxillary bite plate to jump the bite
[4]. These appliances help to disarticulate the posterior teeth;
deprogram the masticatory muscles; and allow for eruption, extru-
sion, and uprighting of the posterior teeth [5].
In the original designs, the bite plates were constructed to fit
the patient's palate. As time went by, to meet patient comfort and
compliance, they evolved to have a more compact and convenient
form which were easily attached to the teeth. These are most com-
monly used orthodontic auxiliary and are often described as 'bite
Citation: Anu Rathi., et al. “The Use of Bite Raisers in Orthodontic Treatment - A Review of Literature". Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 5.4 (2021):
219-228.