Abstract Background: The kidneys have an important role in eliminating the final products of metabolic activities, excreting the drugs and chemicals. A variety of frequently used drugs have been demonstrated to produce nephrotoxic effects. Objective: This study was carried out to observe the effect of vitamin E on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity by assessing serum urea level in Long Evans rats. Materials and method: The experimental study was carried out on 40 healthy Long Evans rats of both sex with the weight ranges from 172-255 gm and the age ranges from 7 to 10 weeks. The rats were divided into four groups - Group A (normal control) received normal saline, group B, C and D received gentamicin for 6 days, rats of group C received vitamin E capsule for total 9 days with gentamicin whereas group D received vitamin E capsule for total 10 days with gentamicin. Serum urea level was measured at the end of the experiment. Results: The (mean±SD) serum urea levels in group A, B, C and D were 4.79±0.32, 12.41±1.22, 7.56±1.11 and 7.15±1.09 mmol/L respectively. The differences between groups were highly significant (p<0.001) for group A & B, A & C, A & D, B & C, B & D whereas the difference between C & D (p>0.01) was not significant. Serum urea level of the normal saline control group (group A) was within the normal limit (4.79 mmol/L). Serum urea level in gentamicin treated rats (group B) was more in comparison to gentamicin and vitamin E treated rats (group C & D) and pretreatment with longer duration group (group D) showed lower serum urea value than shorter one (group C) though the groups showed no significant difference. Conclusion: Vitamin E treatment showed some protective effect against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The results also indicated that effectiveness of vitamin E depends on duration of pretreatment that means the pretreatment duration must be increased to a suitable period for better protection against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Keywords: Gentamicin; vitamin E nephrotoxicity. Delta Med Col J. Jan 2019;7(1): 11 – 15 Original Article Effect of Vitamin E on Serum Urea Level on Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Long Evans Rats Md. Shameem Ahmed 1 , Mohammad Ashraf Ahmed 2 , Md. Rezwanur Rahman 3 , Ashrafuzzaman 4 , Mushtari Jahan 5 , Md. Abdul Matin 6 , Aysha Yasmin 7 , Marjina Khatun 8 , Farhana Afroz 9 , Kuazi Dil Afroz 10 Delta Med Col J. Jan 2019;7(1) 11 1. Professor and Head, Dept. of Anatomy, Kumudini Women’s Medical College, Mirzapur,Tangail, Bangladesh. 2. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Pharmacology, Kumudini Women’s Medical College, Mirzapur,Tangail, Bangladesh. 3. Professor, Dept. of Biochemistry, Delta Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 4. Professor and Head, Dept. of Anatomy, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh. 5. Dental Surgeon, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 6. Associate Professor, Dept. of Paediatrics, Kumudini Women’s Medical College, Mirzapur,Tangail, Bangladesh. 7. Associate Professor and Head, Dept. of Physiology, KhwajaYunus Ali Medical College, Enayetpur, Sirajgonj, Bangladesh. 8. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Community Medicine, Kumudini Women’s Medical College, Mirzapur,Tangail, Bangladesh. 9. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Paediatrics, Kumudini Women’s Medical College, Mirzapur,Tangail, Bangladesh. 10. Associate Professor, Dept. of Pathology, Kumudini Women’s Medical College, Mirzapur,Tangail, Bangladesh. Correspondence: Dr. Md. Shameem Ahmed. e-mail: drshameem007@gmail.com