105 The American metropolis during the era of great migration (1870–1925) con- tained a number of diverse minorities that collectively made up an immi- grant majority. More than 40 percent of the adult population in cities like Buffalo, Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, or New York was foreign-born; adding their children (technically native-born citi- zens), the ethnic population made up 75–80 percent of those cities’ total pop- ulation. 1 This urban majority was fragmented into sectarian, national, and linguistic units that worshipped independently. As Martin Luther King Jr. pointed out in 1968, eleven o’clock on Sunday morning is the most segre- gated hour in America. 2 Places of worship became the de facto collective spaces for ethnic solidarity. Financially supported by parish members, Greek and Italian churches became expressions of prestige and economic power. 3 The Catholic Archdiocese (established in 1808) and the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese (established in 1921) oversaw the operations of each respective Style and Real Estate The Architecture of Faith among Greek and Italian Immigrants, 1870–1925 Kostis Kourelis