Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
J Chem Crystallogr
DOI 10.1007/s10870-017-0697-8
ORIGINAL PAPER
Crystal Structure, Spectroscopic and DFT Studies on E and Z
Isomers of Ethyl 2-(2,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-3-
phenyl-2-propenoate
Ali Ramazani
1
· Masoome Sheikhi
2
· Hamideh Ahankar
3
· Morteza Rouhani
4
·
Sang Woo Joo
5
· Katarzyna Ślepokura
6
· Tadeusz Lis
6
Received: 6 July 2015 / Accepted: 8 August 2017
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2017
Graphical Abstract
Keywords Crystal structures · DFT · DOS · NBO
analysis
Introduction
Acrylic compounds have great reactivity as electrophiles
towards nucleophiles, particularly in the preparation of
natural and biologically active compounds [1, 2], therefore
they are good Michael acceptors [3]. Acrylates are salts,
esters, and conjugate bases of acrylic acid and its deriva-
tives. They are also known as propenoates. Acrylates easily
form polymers because the double bonds are very reactive.
These polymers play an important role in military and com-
mercial products [4]. Compounds containing alkyl acrylate
skeletons have signifcant importance in material science [5].
Abstract The crystal structures of two compounds,ethyl-
(E)-2-(2,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-3-phenyl-2-
propenoate and ethyl-(Z)-2-(2,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-
indol-1-yl)-3-phenyl-2-propenoate were determined from
single-crystal X-ray difraction and characterized by FT-IR,
1
HNMR and
13
CNMR spectroscopy. The quantum theoreti-
cal calculations for two structures were performed by den-
sity functional theory (DFT/B3LYP/6-311+G*). From the
optimized structure, geometric parameters were obtained
and experimental measurements were compared with the
calculated data. Frontier molecular orbitals, total density of
states, molecular electrostatic potential, molecular proper-
ties, thermodynamic parameters and NBO analysis for E
and Z isomers were investigated by theoretical calculations.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this
article (doi:10.1007/s10870-017-0697-8) contains supplementary
material, which is available to authorized users.
* Ali Ramazani
aliramazani@gmail.com
* Sang Woo Joo
1
Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, P.O.
Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran
2
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gorgan Branch, Islamic
Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
3
Department of Chemistry, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad
University, P O Box 22, Abhar, Iran
4
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Zanjan Branch, Islamic
Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
5
School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University,
Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
6
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 Joliot-Curie
St., 50-383 Wrocław, Poland